Light and Images
What is a lens?
What are the two “lenses” of the eye?
Cornea and lens.
How do vibrations from an object far away reach your ears?
The vibrations push on a medium - air, water, wood, etc.
What are the five basic taste types?
Sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami/savory.
Name the three major parts of the brain.
Brainstem, cerebellum, cerebrum.
If an image is taken with a pinhole, a light in the top-right corner will appear in the ____________ of the screen.
bottom-left
What is the function of each: iris, retina, vitreous body?
Iris controls light entry; retina detects light; vitreous body holds shape.
What are the three tiny ear bones in order?
Hammer, anvil, stirrup (malleus, incus, stapes).
What must be true about a substance for you to taste it?
Dissolve in saliva.
What are the two “trees” of the body, and what does each control/transport?
Nervous system controls signals; circulatory system transports blood/materials.
When the pinhole gets smaller, what improves and what gets worse?
A sharper/clearer yet fainter image.
When you look at a close object, what do the ciliary muscles do, and what happens to the lens shape?
Ciliary muscles contract/activate; the lens becomes thicker/curved.
Why are there three semicircular canals, and how are they oriented?
For the three directions of motion; oriented along each direction/axis/perpendicular.
Name three ways to increase how strongly you smell a substance, and why each one helps based on how smell works.
Crush (more particles), heat (evaporation), wet (evaporation), air flow (more particles moving around).
If the brainstem is removed in a frog, what happens immediately, and why?
Death because the brainstem controls breathing/heartbeat.
In a lens diagram, which ray of light that goes through the lens does not get bent?
The ray that passes through the center of the lens.
In nearsightedness: where is the light focusing relative to the retina, and what type of lens corrects it?
In front of the retina; a diverging/concave lens.
Both hearing and balance rely on what structure being bent, and that means hearing and balance are a special form of _________?
Hair cells; touch.
Name three factors that shape your experience of taste besides taste receptors alone.
Smell, texture, sensations of pain/heat, ratios of each flavor, memory/association.
Which part of the brain coordinates complex movement patterns (swimming/jumping) but is not mainly responsible for planning?
Cerebellum.
While creating the effect for blue-red 3D glasses, how do you make an object on the screen appear to be getting closer?
The blue and red images get further apart.
Which part of the eye started as a simple barrier, what extra role did it later gain, and what shape change allowed that?
Retina; it gained focusing power; it curved into a lens.
A higher pitch means a higher rate of vibration, more waves per second, more vibrations per second.
The "map of the tongue" is an ______________.
Oversimplification
When scientists stimulate the brain with electricity, what do they learn about different regions of the brain?
Different regions react to/control different parts of the body.