Sensation Basics
The process by which sensory receptors convert physical energy into neural signals is called what?
Transduction
The light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that contains rods and cones is the ____.
Retina
The structure in the inner ear that contains the basilar membrane and hair cells (where transduction occurs) is the ____.
Cochlea
The sense of smell is called ____.
Olfaction
Which Gestalt principle explains why we group nearby figures together?
Proximity
What is the minimum amount of stimulation needed to detect a stimulus 50% of the time called?
Absolute Threshold
Cones are responsible for color vision and are concentrated in which part of the retina?
Fovea
The frequency theory explains how we perceive ____.
The sense of taste is called ____.
Gustation
Seeing a cube in a set of incomplete lines demonstrates which Gestalt principle?
Closure
Which law states that two stimuli must differ by a constant proportion for their difference to be detected?
Weber's Law
Which theory of color vision explains afterimages and pairs colors as opposites (red-green, blue-yellow, black-white)?
Opponent-Process Theory
According to the place theory, the perception of pitch depends on what?
Where the sound wave hits the basilar membrane
Which theory explains why rubbing an injured area can lessen pain?
Gate Control Theory
When you fail to notice a gorilla walking through a basketball game while counting passes, what phenomenon is this?
Inattentional Blindness
When a stimulus remains constant and you stop noticing it (like a smell fading), what is that called?
Sensory Adaptation
What is the process called when the lens changes shape to focus on near or distant objects?
Accomodation
When you can follow one voice in a noisy room, this demonstrates which phenomenon?
Selective Attention (Cocktail Party Effect)
The semicircular canals in your inner ear are responsible for which sense?
Which depth cue relies on the muscular tension that occurs when both eyes turn inward to focus on a close object?
Convergence.
When listening to music, Alex turns up the volume slightly until his friend finally notices the change. The smallest detectable difference in volume is called what?
Just Noticeable Difference3
When you continue to perceive a door as rectangular even when it opens at an angle, what perceptual principle explains this?
Shape Constancy
Which hearing theory suggests that groups of neurons take turns firing to match sound frequency?
Volley Theory
The kinesthetic sense provides information about ____.
Spatial Awareness (Body position and movement of individual body parts)
The perception of motion from a rapid series of still images (like a flipbook or movie) is known as what?
Stroboscopic Movement