Influences on Perception
your ability to attend to one voice among a sea of other voices
Cocktail Party Effect
A depth cue, such as interposition or linear perspective, available to either eye alone
all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating
cognition
logical rule or procedure to solve a particular problem; Step-by-step procedures, takes longer
Algorithm
a laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals
visual cliff
The activation, often unconsciously, of certain associations, thus predisposing one’s perception, memory, or response
Priming
Two-dimensional images fall onto our retinas, and our brain organizes three-dimensional images, which helps us determine the distance of objects in our visual field
Depth perception
a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people
concept
the way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments
Framing
an optical illusion that makes stationary objects appear to be moving when they are presented in rapid succession
Phi phenomenon
Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere
Inattentional blindness
an organized whole; emphasize our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes
Gestalt principles
interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas
assimilation
Estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory
Avalibility heuristic
thinking about our thinking. Keeping track of and evaluating our mental processes
Metacognition
experiences that form concepts, organize and interpret unfamiliar information
Schemas
the inward angle of the eyes focusing on a near object
Convergence
adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information
accommodation
Overconfience fallacy where we stick to our original plan because we invested our time and money
Sunk cost fallacy
because there is space between the eyes, your retinas perceive slightly different images. The closer the object, the more difference between the two eye’s images
retinal disparity
What are three things that influence perceptual sets?
Context, Motivation, and Emotion
an illusion of continuous movement experienced when viewing a rapid series of slightly varying still images
stroboscopic movement
Expanding the number of problem solutions; diverges in different directions
Divergent thinking
Tendency to approach a problem in one particular way that has been successful in the past; predispose us to what we think
Mental sets
when people observe random events happening repeatedly, they may use representative heuristics when judging the likelihood of events
Gambler's fallacy