A
what is the term that describes the measurement of heat transfer
calorimetry
RQ for fat
0.70
RQ for mixed diet
.70-1.00
1.0
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
What happens to RMR as a person ages?
it decreases
What is the difference between net energy expenditure vs gross energy expenditure
gross includes resting energy expenditure
Why do females have a lower rate for RMR than men?
more body fat and less fat-free tissue
this term relates to amount of energy required to perform a task to actual energy requirement of work done.
Mechanical efficiency
What happens in the cori cycle?
Lactate released from active muscles is reconverted to glucose/glycogen
name the 3 drag forces associated with swimming
wave drag, skin friction drag, viscous pressure drag
Under typical circumstances, what percentage of a person's TDEE does physical activity account for?
Between 15 and 30%
Name three of the 6 influences of RMR
body size, health/fitness, muscle mass, age, hormones, body temperature
Name three factors that contribute to differences among individuals in capacity to generate short term anaerobic energy
effects of previous training, capacity to buffer acid metabolites and level of motivation
Name the three times of biologic work in the human body
mechanical, chemical and transport
Explain the specificity and generality principles
High aerobic power in one activity and possess above average aerobic power in other activities Generality
Specificity the low likelihood for an individual to excel in each of a particular sports' sprint, middle-distance and long distance competitions
4 things that affect mechanical efficiency
body size, gender, fitness level, and skill
This is a fundamental measure of physiological functional capacity for exercise
VO2 max
Name the 3 common indirect calorimetry (open-circuit spirometry) procedures measuring oxygen
Portable spirometry, Bag Technique, Computerized instrumentation
Name muscle fiber types and give 3 characteristics of them
Slow (type 1) - provide nrg through aerobic pathways- low contraction speed, high mitocondria level aerobic, aerobic in nature, long term sustained activity
Fast (type 2)- IIA and IIX, rapid contraction speed, high capacity for anaerobic ATP production, produces large amount of power and speed, IIa do have aerobic capacity
List the 5 factors that affect TDEE
physical activity, Diet-induced thermogenesis, Calorigenic effect of food, climate and pregnancy
Name three ways to increase running speed
stride frequency, stride length and both
Name 4 of the 6 factors that affect maximal oxygen consumption
Mode of activity, heredity, state of training, gender, body comp and siz, age
describe the relationship of heart rate and VO2 consumption according to a graph
linearly or as HR increases VO2 consumption increases
name the 3 energy systems and the time and rate of work performed with each
ATP-PCr system- short duration 5-12 secs, intense physical activity
anaerobic glycolysis intense activity longer duration 1-2 min
Aerobic long term energy system predominates physical activity that progress for several minutes- moderate work