Defining the American Dream
What is the general definition of the American Dream?
A belief that anyone in the U.S. can achieve success through hard work and determination
What is a claim?
The main argument or position in an essay.
What is a counterargument?
A statement that acknowledges the opposing viewpoint
Identify the rhetorical device: "America has given the Negro a bad check, a check which has come back marked ‘insufficient funds.’"
Metaphor – MLK compares racial injustice to a bounced check to highlight broken promises.
She refused to give up her seat on a segregated bus in Montgomery, Alabama.
Who is Rosa Parks
What historical document is often linked to the foundation of the American Dream?
The Declaration of Independence
Which part of an essay functions as the “GPS” guiding the argument?
The line of reasoning
Why is it important to address counterarguments in an essay?
It shows credibility, strengthens the argument, and demonstrates an understanding of multiple perspectives.
Which rhetorical appeal is being used? "If we don’t take action now, millions of children will suffer."
(Pathos – appeals to emotion.)
This civil rights leader coined the phrase “By any means necessary.”
Who is Malcolm X
How does the concept of the American Dream differ for immigrants compared to those born in the U.S.?
Immigrants may see it as a chance for a better life, while U.S.-born citizens may see it as financial success or social mobility.
What is the purpose of a line of reasoning?
To logically connect evidence to the claim in a structured way.
TRUE OR FALSE: All refutations are rebuttals, but not all rebuttals are refutations
TRUE
In Sonia Sotomayor’s commencement speech, she discusses her experiences growing up in the Bronx and overcoming obstacles. Identify 1 rhetorical appeal she use.
- Ethos: her personal credibility
- Pathos: her emotional story inspires the audience.)
his poet and author wrote "I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings"
Who is Maya Angelou
How has the concept of the American Dream changed over time?
Answers may vary: shifting focus from material wealth to personal fulfillment, access to opportunity, and systemic challenges.
Why is it important to consider an audience when making an argument?
Different audiences have different values, backgrounds, and biases that influence how they respond to an argument.
Identify the counterargument and rebuttal in this statement: "Some argue that video games cause violence, but studies show no direct link between gaming and violent behavior."
- Counterargument: Video games cause violence.
- Rebuttal: No direct link has been found.
What is exigence, and how does it shape an argument?
Exigence is the urgent issue or situation that prompts an author to write; it drives the purpose of the argument.
She created hair care products and became one of the first Black female millionaires.
Who is Madam C.J. Walker
Give one argument supporting and one argument criticizing the American Dream.
Support: It promotes hope, equality, and motivation. Critique: It ignores systemic barriers like wealth inequality and racism.
Revise this weak claim into a strong one: "Social media is bad for people."
Example: "Excessive social media use negatively impacts mental health by increasing anxiety, reducing self-esteem, and promoting unrealistic comparisons."
Create a counterargument and rebuttal for the claim: "The American Dream is still achievable today."
Answers will vary but should include a clear opposing view and a strong rebuttal.
What are the 6 components of the rhetorical situation?
WECAMP:
- Writer
- Exigence
- Context
- Audience
- Message
- Purpose
She became the first Black woman elected to Congress in 1968.
Who is Shirley Chisholm?