Concept 1
A catalyzed reaction will have a _______ activation energy.
lower
A catalyzed reaction leads to a(n) ______ in the reaction rate.
increase
Which of the following reactions directly provides chemical energy for most cell functions?
a. ADP --> ATP + P
b. ADP + P --> ATP
c. ATP + P --> ADP
d. ATP --> ADP + P
ATP --> ADP + P
What macromolecule will your body use first as a means of obtaining energy?
carbs
The molecule that an enzyme binds to is known as its ____.
substrate
Reactants bind to enzymes at the _____.
active site
Energy is released from an ATP molecule when what happens?
it loses a phosphate group
What best describes the function of ATP molecule?
stores energy
Can you draw and label all parts of endothermic and exothermic reaction graphs?
check board
What happens when you add a catalyst to a chemical reaction?
The activation energy needed to get the reaction started is lowered so the reactio happens faster.
Where does your body get the energy for reattaching a third phosphate to ADP, creating ATP?
crom carbs like glucose (the food you eat)
What is the only thing actually recycled int he ATP-ADP cycle?
ADP
If a reaction in one direction releases more energy than it absorbs, that same reaction in the opposite direction would:
absorb more than it releases
Pepsin, a common enzyme found in the stomach, is most active at pH values between 0.5 and 2.5. It works slowly between pH values of 2.6 and 3.4. Beyond a pH of about 3.5, it becomes completely inactive. Why does this happen?
a. it melts into a liquid
b. it becomes denatured
c. it slows down
d. it is now able to bind to a substrate
b. It becomes denatured.
Label the parts of the ATP molecules on the board. Place a star where the most energy is absorbed.
check the board
What is the name of the process in which ATP is formed?
cellular respiration
List and describe 2 factors that that affect the rate of chemical reactions.
pH: enzymes work at specific pH so a change will affect speed
temp: increase temp increases rate of reaction b/c molecules move faster and collide
substrate concentration: higher amount of substrate, faster the reaction
catalysts: lower activation energy needed and speed up reaction
competitive inhibitor: slows down reaction by competing with substrate for active site
List and describe 2 factors that that affect the rate of chemical reactions.
pH: enzymes work at specific pH so a change will affect speed
temp: increase temp increases rate of reaction b/c molecules move faster and collide
substrate concentration: higher amount of substrate, faster the reaction
catalysts: lower activation energy needed and speed up reaction
competitive inhibitor: slows down reaction by competing with substrate for active site
Where in the body does the formation of ATP occur?
mitochondria
Explain the ATP-ADP Cycle.
ATP loses a phosphate group and becomes ADP, releasing energy into your body. When you eat, you gain energy and also gain a phosphate group which turns ADP back into ATP.