Unit 3 - Biodiversity and Classification
Define species richness
Is the number of different species within a defined region.
Identify which of the following starts from bare, lifeless areas with no soil. Primary or secondary succession?
Primary succession.
Identify the sugar that is part of DNA, and identify the sugar that is part of RNA.
Ribose.
A diploid organism has a total of 22 chromosomes.
Identify the number of chromosomes in a haploid cell.
Translation of RNA to protein happens here.
Ribosome.
Ecosystem A has a SDI of 0.71 while Ecosystem B has an SDI of 0.58.
Identify which ecosystem has a higher biodiversity.
Ecosystem A - the SDI is closer to 1.
Define the term 'carrying capacity'.
Is the maximum population of a particular species that an environment can support sustainably over time.
Identify the 4 nitrogenous bases of DNA.
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine.
Identify the phase that DNA condenses into chromatids.
Prophase.
Identify the stage of protein synthesis that DNA is copied into a strand of RNA.
Transcription.
Contrast the terms 'abiotic' and 'biotic', and provide an example of each.
Abiotic refers to non-living things in the environment, such as the weather, while biotic refers to living components of the environment for example plants.
A graph showing exponential growth typically forms a J-shaped curve. True or False?
True
Identify two key enzymes involved in DNA replication.
Helicase and DNA polymerase.
Identify the stage of mitosis / meiosis that the sister chromatids separate.
Anaphase
Identify the type of mutation that occurs when one base is replaced by another.
Substitution.
Identify two ecological surveying techniques used in stratified sampling.
- Quadrats
- Transects
Define ecological niche.
Is the role or position a species has in its environment — including how it gets its food, where it lives, how it interacts with other organisms, and how it contributes to the ecosystem.
It’s like the species’ “job” or “lifestyle” in the ecosystem.
Identify the three components of a nucleotide.
Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group and nitrogenous base
Name the process in which mature eggs are produced.
Oogenesis.
Identify the name of the mutation that happens when a base is either deleted or inserted, causing a change in the reading of codons and amino acids.
Frameshift mutation
Recall the common assumptions of cladistics.
Calculate population growth rate of the following:
A population of 1,000 koalas has 50 births and 20 deaths. 10 koalas join the area and 15 leave the area over one year.
=(50−20)+(10−15)=30−5=25
Therefore, the population increased by 25 individuals.
Anticodons and amino acids are found on this molecule. Identify the molecule.
Transfer RNA
Identify the process that occurs during prophase I of meiosis that leads to genetic variation in gametes.
Crossing over occurs. Homologous chromosomes pair up closely in a process called synapsis. Sections of chromatids exchange genetic material.
Identify the phenotypic ratio of offspring between the following parents:
A mother who is a carrier for colour-blindness and a male who is colourblind. Show working in a Punnet square.
50% colourblind.
25% carrier.
25% unaffected.