Beef industry
What are the three main segments of the beef industry?
Cow-calf, stocker, and feedlot
What are the two main types of swine operations?
Farrow-to-finish and farrow-to-wean.
Historically, what were horses mainly used for in agriculture?
Transportation, plowing, and hauling.
Which dairy breed produces the most milk volume?
Holstein.
What are by-products of livestock?
Products other than meat, such as leather, gelatin, and pharmaceuticals.
Which segment of the beef industry raises calves from birth until weaning?
Cow-calf operations
What does “farrowing” mean in swine production?
The act of a sow giving birth.
Name one modern use of horses today.
Recreation, racing, therapy, or ranch work (any acceptable).
Which dairy breed produces milk with the highest butterfat content?
Jersey.
What does USDA stand for?
United States Department of Agriculture.
What is the final phase of beef production before slaughter?
Feedlot/finishing.
At what weight are pigs typically marketed for slaughter?
Around 250–280 pounds.
What is the term for a young female horse under 4 years old?
Filly.
What is the name of the process of treating milk to kill bacteria?
Pasteurization.
What is the term for the removal of a young male animal’s testicles to control breeding and temperament?
Castration.
What is the primary product of the beef industry?
Beef/meat
What is a boar in swine terminology?
An uncastrated male pig.
Which horse breed is known for its speed over short distances, especially in racing?
American Quarter Horse.
What is the average length of a cow’s lactation cycle?
About 305 days
Why is biosecurity important in livestock operations?
To prevent the spread of disease among animals.
What is marbling in beef, and why is it important?
Marbling is the intramuscular fat in meat, and it improves flavor, juiciness, and tenderness
What is the average gestation length for a sow?
About 114 days (3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days)
Which horse breed is famous for long-distance endurance and originates from the Middle East?
Arabian.
Which dairy breed is known for its golden-yellow colored milk due to high beta-carotene content?
Guernsey.
What is the process of evaluating animals for desirable traits called?
Livestock judging.