Health and Wellbeing
Why is H&W dynamic
Constantly changing
What are the 3 levels H&W can be used as a resource
individual, national, global
What is the difference between morbidity and mortality
mortality=death
morbidity=living with disease
Name a biological factor
Genetics
Body Weight
Blood Cholesterol
Blood Pressure
Glucose Regulation
Birth Weight
What is one of the 4 options that could fill in the blank of this category?
Smoking/Vaping
Overweight/Obesity
Alcohol
Nutritional Imbalance
Why is H&W subjective
Because people view and value health differently
What is optimal H&W
Where each dimension of H&W is at the highest realistic level one can achieve
Explain the difference between life expectancy and health adjusted life expectancy (HALE)
LE: Estimated lifespan from birth
HALE: Estimate lifespan in good health
List a factor for Sociocultural and Environmental factors
Environmental: housing, work environment, urban design/infrastructure, climate
Sociocultural: SES, unemployment, social connections/exclusions, social isolation, cultural influences, food security, early life experiences, access to healthcare
What is a health condition associated with all 4 topics
Cancer OR
CVD
List the dimensions of H&W in alphabetical order (no mistake or re-dos allowed)
Emotional
Mental
Physical
Social
Spiritual
How is optimal H&W good for a nation?
longer healthier life, health system savings, fewer people relying on social security, increased productivity, higher average incomes, reduced stress in community, increased social participation
What is the difference between prevalence and incidence?
Prevalence is the number of total cases of a disease/illness in a population whereas incidence is the number of new cases in the last 12 months
Blood pressure is a biological factor, what is the term for high blood pressure?
Hypertension
What is a nutrient that Australians frequently under consume?
Fibre
Dairy/Calcium
'Describe the mental dimension of health and wellbeing' (2 Marks).
Where do the two marks come from?
Mark 1: Defining dimension 'relating to a persons mind or brain and the ability to think and process information'
Mark 2: A characteristic
How is optimal H&W good for the globe?
reduce risk of transmissible disease, assists in promoting peace and stability, promotes economic development, promotes social development, promotes sustainability.
What does CVD stand for?
Cardiovascular Disease
Socioeconomic Status (SES) is a sociocultural factor, what 3 factors determine SES?
Income, occupation, education
Explain how a high intake of fat can impact Health Status
More fat in a diet can lead to CVD, Type 2 diabetes, Colorectal cancer which can increase morbidity, mortality, incidence and BOD
List a characteristic for each dimension of H&W
Physical: body weight, absence of disease, energy levels, perform daily tasks, fitness, blood pressure, body systems
Mental: stress and anxiety, self esteem, thought patterns, process information, confidence, logic and reasoning
Social: supportive family or friends, adapt to social settings, effective communication, productive relationships
Emotional: Recognise emotions, manage emotions, resilience, appropriate emotions
Spiritual: sense of belonging, meaning and purpose, peace and hope, values and beliefs
Jim has just returned from a broken leg and is back to full movement activities. Explain how Jim's H&W being now optimal can impact himself, the nation and the globe
Free from injury: exercise, socialist (individual), increased social participation and reduced stress (national), global promotes social development (global)
What is burden of disease and how is it measured?
BOD: a measure of the impact a disease or illness is having on the country. It measures the gap between current HS and an ideal world where everyone lives till an old age disease/illness free
It is measured in DALYs which the equation is YLD+YLL=DALY.
How can SES impact H&W for better?
More money=less stress (mental)
Better education= emotional literacy (emotional)
Better occupation=better healthcare (physical)
Explain HOW smoking leads to a disease/illness
CVD: smoke reduces oxygen in the blood leading to increased BP and heart rate, increasing risk of CVD
Cancer: smoking causes fault in cell division, leading to increased risk of abnormal growth which can then be cancerous
Back Pain: coughing puts strain on the body with its repetition
Infectious Disease: Smoking lowers immune function