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100
In transmitting sensory information to the brain, an electrical signal travels from the __ of single neuron. A. cell body to the axon to the dendrites B. Dendrites to the axon to the cell body C. axon to the cell body to the dendrites D. dendrites to the cell body to the axon E. axon to the dendrites to the cell body
D. dendrites to the cell body to the axon
100
Heritability refers to the extent to which A. Unrelated individuals share common genes B. Genetic mutations can be transmitted to one’s offspring C. Trait differences among individuals are attributable to genetic variations D. Adult personality is determined by infant personality E. Nurture controls a trait rather than nature
C. Trait differences among individuals are attributable to genetic variations
100
Identical twins separated at birth would be most likely to have similar A. Political ideas B. Religious beliefs C. Personality D. Norms E. Food preferences
C. Personality
100
When Stoyka was a child, a brain disease required the surgical removal of her left cerebral hemisphere. Stoyka is now a successful high school student who lives a normal life. Her success best illustrates the importance of A. Aphasia B. Reuptake C. Phrenology D. Tomography E. Plasticity
E. Plasticity
100
What are the molecules that are similar enough to a neurotransmitter to bind to its receptor sites on a dendrite and mimic that neurotransmitter’s effect called? A. Agonists B. Antagonists C. Endorphins D. Endocrines E. Action potentials
A. Agonists
200
To trigger a person’s hand to make a fist, Dr. Garret should stimulate that person’s A. Motor cortex B. Hypothalamus C. Sensory cortex D. Reticular formation E. Limbic system
A. Motor cortex
200
Damage to the left cerebral hemisphere is most likely to reduce people’s ability to A. Speak fluently B. Copy drawings C. Recognize faces D. Recognize familiar melodies E> See colors
A. Speak fluently
200
Someone trying to add a long series of three digit numbers is probably experiencing increased brain waves and blood flow to which brain structure? A. Left hemisphere B. Thalamus C. Reticular formation D. Right hemisphere E. Medulla
A. Left hemisphere
200
Our lips are more sensitive than our knees to sensations of touch due to which of the following? A. More neurotransmitters are released when the lips are touched B. A larger area of the sensory cortex is associated with our lips C. The dendrites connected to the lips are especially sensitive D. The medulla routes impulses from the lips directly to our brainstem. E. Our lips are directly connected to the sensory cortex, but our knees are not.
B. A larger area of the sensory cortex is associated with our lips
200
After Kato’s serious motorcycle accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebellum. Kato is most likely to have difficulty A. Experiencing intense emotions B. Reading printed words C. Understanding what others are saying D. Tasting the flavors of foods E. Playing his guitar
E. Playing his guitar
300
To demonstrate that brain stimulation can make a rat violently aggressive, a neuroscientist should electrically stimulate the rat’s A. reticular formation B. cerebellum C. medulla D. amygdala E. thalamus
D. amygdala
300
We are usually LEAST aware of the processes and functions of which brain structure? A. cerebral cortex B. motor cortex C. sensory cortex D. brainstem E. Broca’s area
D. brainstem
300
The knee jerk reflex is controlled by interneurons in the A. action potential B. spinal cord C. resting potential D. endocrine system E. neurotransmitters
B. spinal cord
300
The selective permeability of a neural membrane creates a(n) A. Myelin sheath B. Resting potential C. neural network D. Reuptake E. dendrite
B. Resting potential
300
While relaxing in a lawn chair enjoying a cool drink, which of the following triggers the “rest-and-digest” response, as your heart rate slows and digestion begins? A. Sympathetic nervous system B. Limbic system C. Somatic nervous system D. Parasympathetic nervous system E. Motor cortex
D. Parasympathetic nervous system
400
A picture of a cat is briefly flashed in the left visual field and a picture of a mouse is briefly flashed in the right visual field of a split-brain patient. The individual will be able to use her A. Right hand to indicate she saw a cat B. Left hand to indicate she saw a mouse C. Right hand to indicate she saw a mouse D. Left or right hand to indicate she saw a cat E. Left or right hand to indicate she saw a mouse
C. Right hand to indicate she saw a mouse
400
Which endocrine gland regulates body growth? A. Parathyroid B. Adrenal C. Thyroid D. Pituitary E. Pancreas
D. Pituitary
400
The best way to detect enlarged fluid-filled brain regions in some patients who have schizophrenia is to use a(n) A. EEG B. MRI C. PET scan D. Brain lesion E. X-ray
B. MRI
400
The brain structure that provides a major link between the nervous system and the endocrine system is the A. Cerebellum B. Amygdala C. Reticular formation D. Hypothalamus E. Medulla
D. Hypothalamus
400
The most extensive regions of the cerebral cortex, which enable learning and memory, are called the A. Reticular formation B. Medulla C. Sensory areas D. Cerebellum E. Association areas
E. Association areas
500
Which of the following describes evidence for the brain’s dual-processing ability? A. The right occipital lobe perceives stimuli from our left visual field. B. The corpus callosum allows impulses to travel between the two hemispheres. C. The brainstem keeps our heart beating while the cerebral cortex maintains awareness of the outside world. D. The amygdala shares responsibility for some basic emotions with the hypothalamus and the endocrine system. E. The cerebral cortex is divided into two sets of lobes on each hemisphere.
C. The brainstem keeps our heart beating while the cerebral cortex maintains awareness of the outside world.
500
A stroke patient can recognize the sound of his wife’s voice but cannot recognize her face when she stands next to him. Which brain region has most likely been damaged? A. The visual cortex in the occipital lobe B. The underside of the right temporal lobe. C. Wernicke’s area in the left temporal lobe. D. The hippocampus in the limbic system. E. The reticular formation in the brainstem.
B. The underside of the right temporal lobe.
500
In 1861, Paul Broca studied a stroke patient he called “Tan.” He was called this because, as a result of brain damage, it was the only word he could pronounce. Based on Broca’s early work, which of the following brain regions is involved in speech production? A. Angular gyrus B. Left temporal lobe C. Sensory cortex D. Left frontal lobe E. Auditory cortex
D. Left frontal lobe
500
Which of the following structures in the brain stem helps coordinate movements and lies above the medulla? A. reticular formation B. hippocampus C. pons D. thalamus E. hypothalamus
C. pons
500
Severing a cat’s reticular formation from higher brain regions causes the cat to A. Become violently aggressive B. Cower in fear C. Experience convulsive seizure D. Lapse into a coma E. Become sexually preoccupied
D. Lapse into a coma