Scientists
Named "cells"
Robert Hooke
Stain used to view onion cells in the microscope
iodine
Vacuoles
store water and other substances, maintain turgor pressure (shape)
Ribosomes
synthesize proteins
Form of genetic information in the nucleus
chromatin
First to study unicellular organisms using self-built microscope
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
pili (or frimbriae)
Cell membrane
support, protect, regulate what goes in/out
cytoplasm
Largest organelle in animal cells
nucleus
All cells come from another cell
Rudolf Virchow
Explain how amoebas eat using proper terminology
Trap prey with pseudopods and place in a food vacuole
Flagellum
allow entire cell to move
cilia
trap debris, move debris over cell surface, cell movement
Double membrane with inner being folded
mitochondria
Major findings by Schleiden and Schwann
Schleiden- all plants made of cells
Schwann- all animals made of cells
Put in order for a bacterial cell from external to internal: nucleoid region, cell membrane, capsule, cell wall
capsule, cell wall, cell membrane, nucleoid region
Cytoskeleton
structure and framework, allow internal movement of materials
mitochondria- detailed
utilize oxygen and organic compounds to create energy for the cell (and water, CO2)
9+2 protein arrangement (2)
cilia and flagellum
The Cell Theory
All living things made of cells
Cell are basic unit of structure & function in LT's
All cells come from a pre-existing cell
How to multicellular organisms maintain homeostasis?
All cells have specialized jobs and they must communicate with one another to maintain that balance.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
regulate calcium levels, synthesize lipids for membrane, remove toxins
utilize energy from the sun, water and CO2 to produce food for the plant (and release O2)
Reason why many organelles have folded membranes
increase surface area for more membrane to fit in a smaller areas, therefore more space for chemical reactions