Types of Chemical Bonds
What type of bond is formed when electrons are shared between atoms?
Covalent bond
Which elements on the periodic table have high electronegativity values?
What do dots represent in a Lewis dot structure?
Valence electrons
What is a positively charged ion called?
Cation
Elements in Group 1 are known as what?
Alkali metals
What type of bond is formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another?
Ionic bond
Which elements have low electronegativity values?
metals
How many atoms are found in a tetrahedral molecule?
Five total (one central atom and four surrounding).
What is a negatively charged ion called?
Anion
Which group on the periodic table contains elements that rarely form bonds? (What is the name, not the number)
Noble gases
Which type of bond holds together two metal atoms?
Metallic bond
When electrons are shared unequally in a covalent bond, what type of bond is formed?
A polar covalent bond
What is the shape of a CO₂ molecule?
Linear
How is a cation formed?
By losing electrons.
Elements in Group 17 tend to do what during bonding?
Gain one electron to form a stable octet.
What kind of bond forms between sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl)?
What is responsible for the formation of a polar covalent bond?
The difference in electronegativity values between atoms.
In a water (H₂O) molecule, what shape results due to unshared electron pairs?
Bent shape
How is an anion formed?
By gaining electrons.
What type of bond typically forms between Group 1 metals and Group 17 nonmetals?
Ionic bond.
What metaphor describes how electrons move in metallic bonds?
The “sea of electrons.”
Between hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O), which atom attracts the electrons more strongly? Why?
Oxygen, because it has a higher electronegativity.
What rule says atoms want 8 electrons in their outer shell?
The octet rule
Which part of the periodic table has elements that lose electrons to form cations?
The left side — the metals.
Why do metals and nonmetals tend to bond together?
Metals lose electrons while nonmetals gain them, resulting in stable ionic compounds.