Concept 1
The amount of energy needed to make a chemical reaction start
Activation Energy
What is the actual name of ATP?
Adenosine Triphosphate
What are the two non-living sources of energy for autotrophs?
Photosynthesis and Chemiosynthesis
the overall process by which sunlight (solar/light energy) chemically converts water and carbon dioxide into chemical energy stored in glucose (a sugar/carbohydrate.)
Photosynthesis
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
Cellular Respiration
substances that are changed during a reaction
Reactants
How many phosphates are in ATP?
3
What rule is applied to trophic levels?
Rule of 10
pancake-like stacks of thylakoid membrane
Grana
the folded membrane inside of the mitochondria
Inner Membrane
absorbs energy
Endothermic Reaction
What is chemiosmosis?
Movement of ions down a concentration gradient
This traces a single flow of energy
Food Chain
fluid-like substance that fills the space between the grana
Stroma
fluid-like substance that fills the space of mitochondria
Matrix
6CO2 + 6H2O ----> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Photosynthesis Reaction
When ATP is broken down, is it an endothermic or exothermic reaction?
Exothermic
Traces multiple chains of energy within an ecosystem
Food Web
Requires solar energy.
Light Dependent Reaction
split the 6-carbon molecule of glucose in half to form 2 3-carbon molecules called pyruvate.
Glycolysis
True or False: Enzymes are a carbohydrate
False (Protein)
What is recycled in the ATP-ADP cycle?
ADP
models that show how energy flows through an ecosystem
Trophic Pyramids
Does not require any solar energy.
Light Independent Reaction
If oxygen is present, then the cell will go through a two-step process known as ____________ to obtain energy.
Aerobic Respiration