In the Courtroom
Oversees the trial and is in charge of making sure laws are followed in "their" courtroom
What is judge?
Money paid to get out of jail while waiting for trial
What is bail?
The judge will decide guilty/not guilty and there will be no jury
What is bench trial?
Tries to prove the person accused of a crime did the crime
What is the prosecution?
Document that allows a law enforcement officer to arrest/search a person/their belongings based on probable cause, signed by a judge/magistrate
What is arrest/search warrant?
A summons to attend court, usually to provide testimony
What is subpoena?
Tries to prove that the person accused of a crime DID NOT do it
What is the defense?
Level of evidence required for a search warrant, arrest warrant, or search/arrest done by an officer in the field
Probable cause
The formal reading of the charges against the defendant and they enter in a plea of guilty/not guilty
What is arraignment?
The convicted person will serve one sentence, then start the next. (Ex: start one 5 year sentence in 2026, start the next 5 year sentence in 2031)
What is consecutive sentencing?
Number of jurors on a trial jury (not including alternates)
What is twelve?
Items people are not allowed to possess/sell/trade - often used in context of jail/prison but also applies to illegal drugs/weapons
What is contraband?
Based on the exclusionary rule/"fruit of the poison tree", the defense files a motion that the evidence should not be included in the trial because it was illegally obtained.
What is motion to suppress evidence?
Prosecution should file this if they are worried that the defense (usually organized crime/mob/cartel) will make their witness "disappear". Can also be used to isolate the jury so they don't read the news/talk about the case.
Person who is testifying and providing evidence
What is witness?
Reasons for a legal search...
S.
E.
A.
R.
C.
H.
What is search warrant, exigency, arrest, riot, consent, hot pursuit?
A grand jury decides there is enough evidence to proceed with a trial for a felony charge. Required by the 5th amendment!
What is indictment?