New England Colonies
What were the 4 colonies in the New England Region?
Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Connecticut.
What major crop helped the Middle Colonies earn their nickname "The Bread Basket" colonies?
Wheat
What was the main economic activity in the Southern colonies?
Agriculture
What country controlled the original 13 English Colonies?
Great Britain
Who was the ruler of the English colonies?
What ocean separated the English colonies from Great Britain?
The Atlantic Ocean.
To practice their religion freely as they were persecuted in England.
Name all 4 Middle Colonies
Delaware, Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey
What profitable crop was especially important to Virginia and Maryland?
Tobacco
What was the name for goods grown mainly to be sold for profit?
Cash Crops
What were meetings where New England colonists voted on local issues called?
What term describes someone born or living in one of the 13 colonies?
A Colonist
Why was large-scale farming difficult in New England?
Rocky soil, cold climate, and a short growing season.
Who founded Pennsylvania as a colony known for religious tolerance?
William Penn
Name all 5 of the Southern Colonies
Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
What was the major religion practiced by most English colonists?
Christianity
What was the first permanent English settlement in North America, founded in 1607?
What idea grew as colonists became used to making decisions through their own local governments?
Self-government.
What two ocean-related industries were especially important to New England's economy?
Fishing & Shipbuilding.
What religious group was especially influential in Pennsylvania's founding?
The Quakers
What was a large farm that grew cash crops called?
Why were schools especially important to many Puritan communities?
So people could read the bible.
What was the name of Virginia's representative assembly, established in 1619?
House of Burgesses.
How did distance from Great Britain help colonists develop a separate identity?
Colonists became accustomed to solving local problems and managing many of their own affairs.
What were town meetings used for in New England?
Making local government decisions?=
Before the Colony was taken by the English, New York was controlled by the Dutch and called this.
New Netherland
What is the main difference between the Tidewater region and the backcountry region of the Southern Colonies?
The tidewater region was known for large plantations growing vast amounts of rice, while the backcountry region was known for families practicing subsistence farming.
What was an apprentice in colonial society?
A young person learning a trade from a skilled worker.
What 1620 agreement established rules for self-government among the Plymouth settlers?
Mayflower Compact.
What religious movement in the 1730s and 1740s encouraged people to question traditional religious authority?
The Great Awakening
What religious group founded the Massachusetts Bay colony (Boston)? What religious group founded Plymouth?
Boston = Puritans, Plymouth = Pilgrims (Separatists)
Why were the Middle Colonies more culturally diverse than many other English colonies?
They attracted immigrants from different countries and religious as word spread of the vast tolerance the Quakers had.
How did the Southern Colonies' warm climate affect their economy?
It allowed a long growing season and supported large-scale cash-crop farming.
How did life differ for a small farmer and a wealthy plantation owner?
Small farmers usually worked their own land, while plantation owners controlled large estates and often relied on enslaved labor.
What is a representative government?
A system in which people choose individuals to make decisions & laws for them.
How did newspapers and printing help create a shared colonial identity?
They spread news and ideas between colonies.
Where is the very small region of fertile soil where Tobacco was grown in the New England Colonies?
The Connecticut River Valley
Fertile soil supported farming, while rivers made transportation and trade easier.
Georgia was founded for 2 main reasons, what were they?
To serve as a fresh start for poor families, debtors, and criminals. As well as to be a military buffer between Spanish controlled Florida and the rest of the colonies.
How did geography contribute to differences in daily life across the 3 colonial regions?
Climate, resources, and land shaped jobs, housing, farming, and settlement.
Why did colonial assemblies help prepare Americans for independence?
They gave some colonists experience making laws and governing themselves.
Even thought the 3 colonial regions had different economies and lifestyles, what shared experiences helped create an emerging American identity?
English political traditions, local self-government, trade shared ideas, and life in the colonies.