Logical Fallacies
presents a situation with only two options when, in reality, more possibilities exist
What is either/or?
asserts your position on an issue
What is claim?
creates a contrast between expectations and reality i.e. what you expect differs from what actually happens
What is irony?
the use of objects, characters, settings, or events to represent abstract ideas or concepts, adding depth and complexity to a text
What is symbolism?
argues a belief or action is correct simply because many people support it
What is bandwagon or ad populum?
Facts, examples, statistics, or other text that supports the claim
What is evidence?
The author's purpose for rhetorical questions
What is to emphasize a message or engage the audience?
most likely purpose of adding a caption to a political cartoon
What is clarify the author's purpose?
asserts that an initial action or event will inevitably lead to a series of other events, culminating in an extreme or undesirable outcome, without providing sufficient evidence to support the claim.
What is slippery slope?
a concise sentence (or two) that expresses the main argument or point of an essay and may also include reasons why
What is a thesis statement?
Most likely intent for the use of repetition
What is draws attention?
common symbol for the Republican Party in the United States
What is the elephant?
occurs when someone attacks the person making an argument instead of attacking the argument itself
What is Ad hominem?
Explains how the evidence supports the claim and connects it back to the thesis.
What is reasoning or explanation?
involves repeating similar grammatical structures in a sentence to create a balanced effect. This means that parts of the sentence, like phrases or clauses, should match in form.
Ex: I like to run and I like to jog.
v.s. I like running and I like to jog.
What is parallel structure or parallelism?
a literary device where a writer or character uses language that conveys the opposite of its literal meaning, often with the intent to be humorous or critical
What is satire or sarcastic tone?
occurs when someone draws a conclusion based on a small sample size or insufficient evidence
What is Hasty Generalization?
encourages the reader to take specific action after being convinced by the argument presented
What is a Call to Action?
a situation or a scenario that is not based on real facts or events, but rather on assumptions or possibilities
What is hypothetical situation?
Author's purpose for using a political cartoon
What is to suggest or express opinions?