Reproduction
Mitosis & Meiosis
Punnett Squares
Traits, Selective Breeding & Inheritance
DNA, Genes & Chromosomes
100
This type of reproduction involves one parent and makes identical offspring...
What is asexual reproduction?
100
What is the purpose of mitosis?
Growth, repair and replacement
100
What do the letters inside a Punnett square represent?
Possible genotypes of offspring.
100
What is a phenotype?
The physical expression of a trait.
100
Chromosomes and genetic information are found here...
What is in the nucleus?
200
What percentage of genetic material does each parent contribute in sexual reproduction?
50%
200
What type of cells are produced during meiosis?
Gametes (egg and sperm cells)
200
If B is dominant over b, which genotype shows the recessive trait?
bb
200
Which is an acquired trait: eye color, freckles, or a scar?
A scar.
200
What is the relationship between genes and chromosomes?
Genes are sections of DNA located on chromosomes.
300
In what way does asexual reproduction affect genetic diversity?
It decreases diversity because offspring are clones.
300
What kind of daughter cells are produced in mitosis? Meiosis?
Mitosis: Diploid Meiosis: Haploid
300
Two heterozygous parents (Ee × Ee). What is the probability the offspring is ee?
25%
300
A farmer wants cows that produce more milk. What process might he use?
Selective breeding.
300
How many alleles for each gene does a typical human body cell contain, and why?
Two alleles- one from each parent.
400
A hydra produces a bud that becomes a new hydra. What type of reproduction is this, and why?
Asexual reproduction- only one parent and genetically identical offspring.
400
If a parent cell has 46 chromosomes, how many will each daughter cell have after mitosis?
46 — they are identical copies.
400
A father is hh (attached earlobes). The mother is Hh. What percent of their children will have unattached earlobes?
50%
400
Why might selective breeding reduce genetic diversity?
It uses only organisms with certain traits, shrinking the gene pool.
400
A set of alleles is called this...
What is a genotype?
500
Two environments experience sudden climate changes. One has a population of asexually reproducing organisms, and the other has sexually reproducing organisms. Predict which population is more likely to survive and explain why.
The sexually reproducing population is more likely to survive because greater genetic variation increases the chance that some individuals can tolerate the change.
500
Compare mitosis and meiosis in terms of chromosome number, purpose, and variation.
Mitosis: produces diploid cells, used for growth/repair/replacement, produces identical cells.
Meiosis: produces haploid gametes, used for reproduction, cells are genetically different.
500
A plant with genotype TT is crossed with a plant that is Tt. List all possible offspring genotypes and probabilities.
TT = 50%
Tt = 50%
500
A farmer wants tomato plants that are disease-resistant and produce large fruit. What steps could she follow?
Choose parent plants with both preferred traits.
Cross them.
Select offspring showing both traits.
Continue breeding those offspring over several generations.
500
What is wrong with this picture?
The gene and chromosome are switched.