Defendant's Rights
The SCOTUS ruled against warrantless searches of cellphones based on this amendment
What is the 4th Amendment?
Law that made employment discrimination and segregation in public accommodations illegal under federal law.
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
Two terms for language that inaccurately harms the reputation of another
What are defamation, libel or slander?
The two amendments that have a due process clause
What are the 5th and 14th Amendments?
One principle established in the McCulloch v. Maryland case?
Congress has implied powers OR National Supremacy/Supremacy Clause
The Miranda rule requires people to be read their rights from these two amendments.
What are the 5th and 6th?
The federal law restricting possession of a gun near schools that was struck down in the U.S. v. Lopez case in 1995
What is the Gun Free School Zones Act of 1990?
The constitutional basis of the Wisconsin v. Yoder case.
What is the free exercise clause?
Part of the Constitution that is the basis of the idea that there are implied or unenumerated rights protected by the Constitution.
What is the 9th Amendment?
Two required cases that are examples of selective incorporation.
What are Gideon and McDonald?
Evidence illegally seized by law enforcement officers cannot be used against that suspect in criminal prosecution.
What is the Exclusionary Rule?
The part of this law that granted federal court’s the power of the writ of mandamus was struck down in the Marbury case
What is the Judiciary Act of 1789?
This case held that there is a heavy presumption against the prior restraint of the free press
What is NYT v. U.S.?
The constitutional basis for the SCOTUS ruling in U.S. v. Lopez
What is the Interstate Commerce clause?
Rule for apportionment created by Baker v. Carr (1962).
What is the “one person, one vote” rule?
Court decisions defining cruel and unusual punishment as applied to death penalty cases involve interpretation of this Amendment.
8th Amendment
Portions of this 2002 law that limited independent advertising close to elections were struck down in Citizens United case.
What is Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA)?
Schools can limit student speech that disrupts the educational environment; otherwise students enjoy speech rights
What was the Tinker rule?
The Equal Protection Clause serves as the basis for these three required cases.
What are Brown, Baker and Shaw?
1965 court case that established the unenumerated right to privacy (in this case, legal access to birth control)
What is Griswold v. Connecticut?
Type of due process guaranteed to defendant’s during interrogation, trial proceedings and appeals.
What is Procedural Due Process?
This 2015 law placed limitations on bulk collection of telecommunication metadata; limited government surveillance powers used after the USA Patriot Act
What is the USA Freedom Act?
Examples of these impose content-neutral restrictions such as limits on the time of day an event can be held, limits on where an event can be held, and limits on the noise levels at an event
What are time, place and manner regulations?
Constitutional basis for the application of the bill of rights to the states
What is the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment?
Type of due process that examines whether government actions are themselves arbitrary infringements of individual rights (for example, the right to privacy)
What is substantive due process?