organisms
organism whose genetic material has been altered
genetically modified organism (GMO)
sequence of three nucleotides which together form a unit (DNA/RNA)
codon
type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes, inherits all genes from a single parent
asexual reproduction
fusion of gametes to give rise to a new individual organism
fertilization
result of mutations in genes
Cancer
number of chromosomes in the human body
23 pairs (46 total)
sequence of three nucleotides forming a unit (tRNA)
anticodon
containing two different alleles in the gene (they are?)
heterozygous
series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides
cell cycle
tumor that stays in one area
benign tumor
cell in which the genome has been altered
transgenic organism
threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus
chromosome
nitrogen-containing biological compounds that form nucleosides
nitrogenous bases
Controls physical appearance
phenotype
determining how much cancer is within the body
staging cancer
the exchange of DNA between paired homologous chromosomes
crossing over
protein that acts to regulate cell division
tumor suppressor gene
chain reaction method widely used to rapidly make millions of copies of specific DNA samples
polymerase chain reaction
chart that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes
pedigree
development of secondary malignant growths
metastasis
self-replicating acid, made up of two polynucleotide chains, genetic instructions for the development
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
technique used to separate DNA fragments by size
gel electrophoresis
The failure of chromatids separating normally during nuclear division
nondisjunction
both alleles of a gene are partially expressed
incomplete dominance
naturally occurring substance capable of stimulating cell proliferation
growth factor