Vocab
What is legitimacy of rule?
Ways rulers proved their right to rule
What did trade routes like the Silk Road bring to empires?
Wealth and cultural exchange.
What was the main religion of the Safavid Empire?
Shi’a Islam.
What was monumental architecture used for in empires?
To show power and impress people.
What system did the Ottomans use to organize non-Muslims?
The millet system
What is absolutism?
When one ruler holds all the power.
Why was the Ottoman Empire rich from trade?
It sat between Europe and Asia and taxed trade routes.
What religion did the Ottoman rulers follow?
Sunni Islam.
What Mughal building mixed Persian and Indian styles?
The Taj Mahal
What were zamindars in the Mughal Empire?
Local officials who collected taxes.
What is a gunpowder empire?
An empire that used guns and cannons to expand
How did Mughals collect taxes?
Using local tax collectors called zamindars.
What famous building symbolized Mughal wealth and culture?
The Taj Mahal.
How did Louis XIV of France show absolute power through art?
Built Versailles to display wealth and control.
How did the Ming dynasty choose its officials?
Through the civil service exam.
What was the devshirme system used by the Ottomans?
Taking Christian boys to train as soldiers or officials.
What is mercantilism?
Belief that power comes from wealth and colonies.
How did art help rulers show power?
Grand buildings and portraits showed authority.
How did Qing emperors use art to project authority?
Sponsored portraits showing them as wise Confucian rulers.
How did social hierarchy change under the Tokugawa Shogunate?
Samurai lost power; merchants gained influence.
What is bureaucracy and how did it help empires rule?
Government officials who ran the empire and kept order.
Why did the Safavids and Ottomans compete in trade?
Religious rivalry and control of routes.
Compare religion’s role in the Ottoman and Mughal empires.
Ottomans used Islam for unity; Mughals blended many faiths.
Compare how Islamic and European rulers used architecture to legitimize rule.
Islamic rulers built mosques; Europeans built palaces and cathedrals.
Compare social structures in the Ottoman and Mughal empires.
Both were diverse but ruled by Muslim elites over non-Muslim subjects.