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5.PS1.1 Develop a model to describe that matter is made of particles too small to be seen.
5.PS1.3 Make observations and measurements to identify materials based on their properties.
5.PS1.4 Conduct an investigation to determine whether the mixing of two or more substances results in new substances.
5.PS1.2 Measure and graph quantities to provide evidence that regardless of the type of change that occurs when heating, cooling or mixing substances, the total weight of matter is conserved.
100

As Mason plays with his dog in his backyard, he can tell that his neighbors are cooking food on an outdoor grill, even though he cannot see them. What explanation BEST tells why?

1. Heat coming from the neighbors’ grill can be felt by Mason.

2. The air that touched the food is carried by the wind to Mason’s nose. 

3. Invisible particles of the food float through the air to reach Mason’s nose.

4. Mason thinks he can see smoke rising from the neighbors’ backyard.

 3. Invisible particles of the food float through the air to reach Mason’s nose. 

100

Keith enjoys eating fruit and nut snack mixes. What properties could Kevin use to separate the snack mix?

  1. color
  2. shape
  3. weight
  4. all of the above


4. all of the above

100

Oh no! Chocolate sauce spilled on your aunt’s white carpet. Your uncle grabs a spray bottle and sponge. After a squirt from the bottle, a rub with the sponge seems to make the stain disappear. What evidence is there that the substance in the bottle may have caused a reaction that allowed a new substance to form?

The color of the stained carpet changed from brown to white.  

100

 A scientist is carrying out an investigation in which two substances, zinc and iodine, are mixed. A new substance called zinc oxide forms. What reason MOST LIKELY explains why the scientist does not check the weight of the substances before and after the reaction?    

  1. She does not have the right tools to measure the weight of the substances.
  2. She assumes that the law of conservation of matter always holds true.
  3. She is worried that it will take too much time to obtain those measurements.
  4. She thinks it would be too challenging for her to weigh the substances because the reaction releases heat.


2. She assumes that the law of conservation of matter always holds true.

200

Carly’s dad mixes a spoonful of sugar into a cup of hot coffee. What can Carly predict will happen to the sugar?

1. The solid sugar particles will mix with the liquid coffee particles until it dissolves. The solution will resemble coffee.

2. The liquid sugar particles will mix with the liquid coffee particles until they dissolve. The solution will resemble sugar. 

3. Solid sugar particles will mix with the gaseous coffee particles until they dissolve. The solution will resemble coffee. 

4. Solid sugar particles will mix with the liquid coffee particles until they dissolve. The solution will resemble sugar.  

1. The solid sugar particles will mix with the liquid coffee particles until it dissolves. The solution will resemble coffee.

200

The property reflectivity describes how  

  1. easily a material can get scratched.
  2. much light bounces off a material.
  3. difficult it is to shape an object.
  4. all of the above


2. much light bounces off a material.

200

Diego decides to make a delicious breakfast for his family. Which step in his recipe causes a reaction and forms a new substance?

1. step 1

2. step 2

3. step 4

4. step 6

4. step 6

200

When vinegar and baking soda react, carbon dioxide gas is produced. Gas easily escapes into the air. If you can measure the weights of the substances before and after the reaction, you will have evidence that matter is conserved. Which method would give you the most exact measurements?  

  1. Perform the reaction in a closed container such as a sealed plastic bag.
  2. Perform the reaction in an open container and block the openings as the reaction is occurring.
  3. Perform the reaction in an open container and estimate the weight of the gas that is lost.
  4. Assume that matter is conserved because there is no way to contain the carbon dioxide gas.


1. Perform the reaction in a closed container such as a sealed plastic bag.

300

Alejandro wants to harvest sea salt from the sea water his sister and brother collected in a bucket. Which method should he ask his parents for help with in order to complete this task?

1. putting the sea water in metal pan in an oven until the water evaporates

2. pouring the sea water through a strainer to remove the salt grains

3. placing the sea water under a microscope and removing the salt with pliers

4. swirling the sea water and scooping out the salt on the bottom of the container

1. putting the sea water in metal pan in an oven until the water evaporates

300

A difference between copper and plastic is that copper has a much higher  

  1. brittleness.
  2. solubility.
  3. reflectivity.
  4. electrical conductivity.


4. electrical conductivity.

300

The Statue of Liberty stands on an island in New York City’s harbor.  The outside of the statue was made from copper, an orange-red colored metal. When the statue was built in 1886, it was, indeed, orange-red. Over time, the color changed to blue-green. Notice that the flame on the torch held by lady Liberty is gold. The flame is also made of copper but the copper is covered in a thin coating of gold metal.  Why did engineers cover the copper flame with a layer of gold?   

  1. They wanted to use a metal that would dissolve with the copper under it.
  2. They wanted to use a metal that would dissolve into liquid water falling as rain.
  3. They wanted to use a metal that would not change color in a reaction with substances in the air.
  4. They wanted to use a metal that would protect the copper under it from changing color in a reaction with substances in the air.


3. They wanted to use a metal that would not change color in a reaction with substances in the air.

300

All matter is conserved during a change, which means that it is 

  1. dissolved into a substance.
  2. kept at the same total amount.
  3. lighter than it was before the change.
  4. heavier than it was before the change.


2. kept at the same total amount.

400

Getting a hot air balloon ready to take a ride takes some work.  First, the empty balloon is spread out on the ground. Then an electric fan is pointed toward the opening in the balloon and turned on.  How does the fan cause it to inflate?

1. The weight of the fan causes the balloon to inflate because the balloon is lighter than the fan. 

2. Invisible particles of the fan push against the inside of the balloon as the fan is in motion. 

3. The fan heats the air inside the balloon, so the balloon becomes lighter than the air inside it. 

4. The fan pushes invisible air particles into the balloon that push against the inside of the balloon.

4. The fan pushes invisible air particles into the balloon that push against the inside of the balloon.

400

Liam woke up this morning with an upset stomach, so his dad gives him an antacid tablet to help him feel better. Liam observes that adding the antacid tablet to a glass of water causes it to fizz. What property is the fizzing evidence of? 

  1. brittleness
  2. electrical conductivity
  3. thermal conductivity
  4. ability to change into new substances


4. ability to change into new substances

400

A change of a substance from one state of matter to another. Some common state changes include: melting, freezing, evaporation, and condensation is called what? 

state change

400

What can happen to particles during a reaction? 

  1. The particles can rearrange.
  2. The particles can expand.
  3. The particles can contract.
  4. The particles can dissolve.


1. The particles can rearrange.

500

All matter is made up of smaller pieces of matter called _________. 


  1. space
  2. weight
  3. particles
  4. chemicals


3. particles

500

Which of the following properties is an example of a substance changing into a new substance? 

  1. wood that is burned
  2. gold that is scratched
  3. iron pyrite that is broken
  4. sugar that is dissolved


1. wood that is burned

500

An artist is creating a sculpture made from pieces of wood she finds, such as scraps of wood at home, branches that fall from trees, and driftwood she finds on the beach. Which of the following steps in making the sculpture will cause new substances to form with different properties than the original substances?

A. gluing the wood objects onto an old picture frame

B. splattering paint on the objects

C. applying a flame and burning the objects

D. taking pictures of the objects and arranging the photos


C. applying a flame and burning the objects

500

Why do scientists assume that the law of conservation of matter is always true? 

  1. Scientists assume a pattern is always true if it is observed over and over again.
  2. Scientists believe testing the law once is enough proof.
  3. Scientists are usually more interested in testing new investigations.
  4. Scientists don’t have permission to go against the law.


1. Scientists assume a pattern is always true if it is observed over and over again.