Chp 5-Changes in Australia's Health Status
When did 'old public' health first orginate in Australia?
Since 1900
What is population health?
The health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of such outcomes within the group.
List the three Australian Government initiatives that promote healthy eating to the Australian population
Australian Dietary Guidelines
Australian Guide to Healthy Eating
Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander AGHE
What are the two sectors of Australia's health care system?
Public
Private
When referrencing health? What are the two key elements that you MUST talk about?
Health Status & Health and Wellbeing (the dimensions)
What does the biomedical model of health focus on?
the physical or biological aspects of disease and illness
What are some of the issues that health promotion targets in Australia and why?
The reasons why such issues are often a focus of health promotion include:
•They include modifiable risk factors which individuals have some control over, and therefore improvements in these areas are possible.
•They contribute significantly to premature years of life lost and lived with disease in Australia, therefore increasing Australia’s overall burden of disease.
•They are associated with significant social and economic costs in Australia, such as work absenteeism and healthcare costs.
•They contribute significantly to health inequalities between population groups in Australia.
What is Dietary Guideline #1?
Dietary Guidelines #1 To achieve and maintain a healthy weight, be physically active and choose amounts of nutritious food and drinks to meet your energy needs
What is medicare?
Medicare is Australia’s universal health insurance scheme, whereby the federal government pays for some or all of the costs of necessary healthcare.
The band aid or quick fix approach
What is one difference between the social and biomedical model of health?
Social model of health- focuses on education & health promotion (preventing the illness/disease) and targets large groups e.g. populations rather than the individual and doesn't rely on medical treatment
Biomedical- focuses on the individual and treatment once an illness/disease develops. Relies on medical professionals e.g. Drs
How does the Ottawa Charter Action Area- Build Healthy Public Policy reflected in teh Quit Victoria health promotion program?
Quit works with governments to help them shape legislation and policies regarding smoking, much of which is informed by their research activities.
What is the difference between the AGHE & the Indigenous AGHE
Indigenous-includes culturally appropriate food
AGHE- relates specifically to Dietary Guidelines 1-3
What is the PBS?
A federal government scheme where the cost of essential medicines are subsidised to make them more affordable for Australians.
Dietary Guidelines- 5 rules that brought in to encourage Australians to follow around healthy eating
AGHE- Food selection model that reflects the Guidelines to encourage all Australians to implement into their day with food consumption at each meal
Which disease was first heavily influenced by the biomedical model of health?
CVD
What is an example of an Indigenous Health Promotion Program?
Aboriginal Quitline
Deadly Choices
What are the factors that influence or challnege bringing about nutritional change?
Personal factors
Sociocultural factors
Environmental Factors
Commercial Factors
What is the cut off age for the NDIS?
65yrs
Australian taxpayers who earn over a certain income and who do not have private health insurance, have to pay an additional surcharge to Medicare. This surcharge is calculated at a rate of 1%-1.5% of annual income.
What are the 5 actions areas of the ottawa charter
Build healthy public policy
Create supportive environments
Strengthen community action
Develop personal skills
Reorient health services
How is an Indigenous Health Promotion Program Evaluated? What needs to be taken into account?
Is the initiative culturally appropriate?
Has the initiative led to improvements in health and wellbeing (or does it have the potential to)?
Is the initiative addressing a significant health issue for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples?
Is there a significant number of people who are able to access and take part in the initiative?
For the challenge - Income:
What factor is it (classification) & How can this challenge influence people's daily food consumption?
Sociocultural
$ can impact what food can be bought- and often its cheaper to purchase highly processed foods; than eat food that is nutritious
How does private health insurance elevate pressure on Australia's Healthcare System?
People who have /take out Private Health rely less on public healthcare - allowing this to be used or focused for those that need the service
What is the medicare levy?
is a 2% income tax that most Australian taxpayers contribute to funding Medicare. Some low-income earners or others in specific categories may not be required to pay the tax.