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DNA Replication
DNA vs RNA
Transcription
Translation
Misc.
100
DNA have two strands. One strand goes in the 5' to 3' direction and the other strand goes in the 3' to 5' direction. What is this called when they move in opposite directions of each other?

Anti-parallel

100

Nucleic acids are composed of the following elements:

CHONP

100

Transcription occurs in what organelle?

Nucleus

100

Translation occurs where?

Ribosome in the cytoplasm

100

Monomer of protein

Amino Acid

200

DNA replication occurs during this phase of the cell cycle (BE SPECIFIC).

Synthesis phase of Interphase
200

What nitrogenous base is different between DNA and RNA?

Thymine and Uracil
200

The flow of genetic information from DNA --> RNA --> Protein.

Central Dogma

200

Translation is the process in which ________ is translated to synthesize _______________.

mRNA, protein

200

What is the start codon?

AUG

300
Enzyme that breaks hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases.

Helicase


300

Explain why RNA is able to leave the nucleus but not DNA.

Single stranded, therefore it is small enough to leave through nuclear pores. 
300

Transcription is when _____ (hint: messenger) copies the genetic information from __________.

mRNA, DNA

300

Nitrogenous bases are read 3 bases at a time. These 3 bases are known as a __________.

Codon

300

What are the STOP codons?

UAA, UAG, UGA

400

This term describes how each DNA molecule contains one original strand and one new complementary strand.

Semi-Conservative

400

Nucleic acids are composed of the monomer: nucleotides. What are the 3 components of a nucleotide?

Sugar, phosphate group, & nitrogenous base

400

During transcription, DNA needs to unwind in order for mRNA to make a copy. In this case, how many bonds are broken between A and T? G and C?

2, 3

400

This is the name of the bond formed between amino acids during translation.

Peptide bond

400

This molecule brings amino acids to the ribosome.

tRNA

500

Enzyme that adds complementary nitrogenous base pairs. 

DNA Polymerase

500

Based on Chargaff's rule, a scientist analyzes DNA sample and finds 16% guanine. What percentage of thymine is present?

Thymine = 34%

500

Transcribe the following DNA template:

TAC ATA AAA ATC

AUG UAU UUU UAG

500

Translate the following mRNA template:

AUG UAU UUU UAG

Met - Tyr - Phe 

500

Proteins have another name based on the bonds between the amino acids, what is it?

Polypeptide