Sensation & Perception
The physiological/physical process where sense receptors detect and respond to stimuli in the environment
What is SENSATION
Area of the brain located deep within each temporal lobe responsible for the forming of new memories, specifically explicit (declarative memories) but not storing them.
What is the HIPPOCAMPUS
Oversees allocation of attentional resources (directs attention and what to focus on) and allocates incoming information to slave systems
What is CENTRAL EXECUTIVE
Maintaining/retention of encoded information in a memory store for the required length of time
What is STORAGE
The amount of information that can be stored/held
What is CAPACITY
Neural impulses leave sensory organs and travel to the relevant area in the brain
What is TRANSMISSION
The part of the brain located underneath cerebrum that in the context of memory, consolidates and stores procedural memories (especially learned sensorimotor skills)
What is the CEREBELLUM
Component of the working memory model that temporarily stores and processes auditory inputs
What is PHONOLOGICAL LOOP
Process of converting sensory information into a form or mental representation that will allow it to fit with your personal storage system and that can be processed and manipulated by the brain
What is ENCODING
Visual information is held here for 0.2 to 0.4 seconds
What is ICONIC STORE
Sensory receptors (e.g. in the eyes, ears, noise, tongue) detect the stimulus
What is RECEPTION
Collection of nuclei deep within each temporal lobe that plays a key role in the strengthening of the emotional component of memories and the formation of fear responses. It attaches emotional significance to episodic memories.
What is the AMYGDALA
Component of the working memory model that temporarily stores and processes visual and spatial information
What is VISUOSPATIAL SKETCHPAD
Process of locating and extracting information from long term memory and returning it to conscious awareness (short term memory/working memory) so that it can be used for a task at hand
What is RETRIEVAL
Memory for skills, habits, and responses that occurs automatically without conscious effort, such as riding a bike.
What is IMPLICIT MEMORY
Involves giving meaning to the information/sensory stimuli based on prior experience or knowledge (turning stimuli into an image you can understand)
What is INTERPRETATION
A man who had his hippocampus surgically removed to reduce his seizures. (The impacts on his memory have been studied extensively).
What is HENRY MOLAISON
Temporary storage system that is capable of holding and integrating information from the other slave systems that a single structure or episode
What is EPISODIC BUFFER
Sensory information enters the first store of memory, is stored briefly in it’s original form. Information not attended to rapidly decays and is lost.
What is SENSORY REGISTER
Type of explicit memory involving the conscious acquisition and retrieval of a specific personally significant experience (events or episodes) that occurs at a specific time and place.
They are the most resistant to forgetting (more robust in our memory) and therefore stable
What is EPISODIC MEMORY
Involves feature detectors filtering the stimuli, responding to specific features of the stimulus and ignoring the unimportant stimuli
What is SELECTION
Specialised nerve cells in the brain and nervous system that receive, process, and transmit information
What is a NEURON
Developed by Baddeley and Hitch (1974) and then later Baddeley (2000) added in the episodic buffer.
What is WORKING MEMORY MODEL
Single component, temporary and conscious system for limited information received from the sensory register and long-term store.
What is SHORT TERM MEMORY
A type of implicit long-term memory for learning of motor and cognitive skills. These are skills or actions that are usually difficult to explain in words/articulate and are automatically retrieved (usually with little effort).
What is PROCEDURAL MEMORY