Muscle Structures
thread-like structures throughout the muscle that contain repeating sarcomeres
What are myofibrils
anthropometric method used to calculate height to weight ratio and predict disease risk
What is body mass index
general term used to describe muscle growth
What is muscle hypertrophy
connections between the heads of myosin and receptor sites of actin filaments
What is cross bridge
A motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates
What is a motor unit
connective tissue surrounding a muscle fiber
What is Endomysium
circumference measurements used to estimate body fat distribution.
What is waist to hip ratio
loss of muscle size and strength due to prolonged immobilization, or lack of exercise
What is muscle atrophy
light, thin filaments (I bands)
What is actin myofilament
term used to describe the relative contributions of water (73.8%), protein (19.4%), and mineral (6.8%) in humans.
What is "reference body"
connective tissue surrounding a muscle bundle
What is the Perimysium
A highly accurate method of measuring body composition and bone mass and density using multiple low-energy X rays
What is dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)
muscle growth due to an increase in number of muscle fibers.
What is muscle hyperplasia
structures that bind to specific on actin molecules to form cross-bridges
What is myosin head
metabolic cost of chewing, swallowing, and digesting food thus producing heat in the body
What is Thermic Effect of Food (TEF)
The contractile proteins (actin and myosin) of muscle cells
What are Myofilaments
A method of assessing body composition by running a low-level electrical current through the body to determine total body water.
What is Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)
Ability to maintain a relatively constant internal core temperature regardless of external temperature
What is Homeothermic
covers myosin binding sites on the actin molecules
What is tropomyosin
The ability to tell where one's body is in space.
What is Proprioception
connective tissue surrounding the entire muscle
What is Epimysium
method for estimating body composition that uses air displacement to determine total body volume, total body density, and percent body fat
What is air displacement plethysmography
the loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that comes with aging
What is sarcopenia
Connecting filament that maintains myosin's position in the sarcomere when it is stretched
What is Titin
As speed of contraction increases, force production decreases; as speed of contraction decreases, force production increases
What is force-velocity relationship