Light & Energy
What type of electromagnetic radiation can humans see?
Visible light
What two particles are located in the nucleus
Protons and neutrons
How many electrons can an s sublevel hold?
2
What are valence electrons
Electrons in the outermost occupied energy level
What are the vertical columns of the periodic table called?
Groups or families
As wavelength decreases, what happens to frequency?
Frequency increases
What is the lowest-energy arrangement of electrons called?
Ground state
How many electrons can a p sublevel hold
6
How many valence electrons does magnesium have?
2
Which family is found in Group 17
Halogens
An electron absorbs energy and moves from energy level 2 to energy level 3. What happens when it later returns to energy level 2?
It releases energy as light
What major idea from Bohr's model is still accepted today?
Electrons occupy specific energy levels.
What element has the electron configuration
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3^1
Na, Sodium
How many dots should be drawn in the Lewis dot structure for oxygen?
6
Which direction does ionization generally increase on the periodic table?
Up and to the right
A sample produces a unique pattern of wavelengths when its excited electrons return to lower energy levels. What is this pattern of unique wavelengths called?
Atomic energy spectrum
What is the major difference between the Bohr model and the modern electron-cloud model?
Bohr showed electrons traveling in fixed circular paths, while the moderns model describes regions where electrons are likely to be found.
Write the full electron configuration for chlorine
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^5
A mystery element is in Period 2 and its Lewis structure contains 6 dots. Identify the element and classify it as metal, nonmetal, or metalloid.
oxygen, nonmetal
Which has the larger atomic radius: silver or gold?
gold
Light has a wavelength of 4.00x10^-7m. Calculate its frequency.
c=3.00x10^8m/s
7.50x10^14Hz
Why does potassium’s 19th electron enter the fourth energy level instead of adding another electron to the third-level arrangement shown in a simple Bohr model?
The 4s sublevel is lower in energy than the 3d sublevel, so 4s begins filling first.
An element has this electron configuration:
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^4
Identify the element, period, and number of valence electrons.
Sulfur; Period 3; 6 valence electrons
An unknown main-group element has 3 occupied energy levels and a Lewis dot structure containing 5 dots. Identify the element.
Phosphorus, P
Compare sodium and chlorine's atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity
Larger atomic radius: Na
Higher ionization energy: Cl
Higher electronegativity: Cl