What Are the Sun and Stars?
How Many Stars Do You See?
How Does the Sun Heat Earth?
What Is Gravity?
100
The sun is a star. Which of these best describes what makes up the sun?
A) fire
B) melted rock
C) hot, glowing gases
D) cold, glowing gases
C) hot, glowing gases
100
How might the water change in a swimming pool when it is heated by the sun’s radiant energy?
A) The water turns red.
B) The temperature rises.
C) The temperature lowers.
D) The temperature stays the same.
B) The temperature rises.
100
Which of the following best describes why a rock lying on the ground feels warm?
A) The rock absorbs gases from the air.
B) Heat energy from the sun warms the rock.
C) Sound energy from the sun warms the rock.
D) The rock traps heat energy from the ground.
B) Heat energy from the sun warms the rock.
100
What force gives your body weight?
A) gravity
B) your feet
C) your head
D) Earth’s magnetism
A) gravity
200
The sun is like other stars in many ways. How is the sun different from other stars?
A) It is made up of gases.
B) It is much closer to Earth.
C) It is much larger than Earth.
D) It is much hotter than Earth.
B) It is much closer to Earth.
200
Which two tools work best for observing stars?
A) binoculars and telescope
B) microscope and telescope
C) telescope and magnifying glass
D) magnifying glass and binoculars
A) binoculars and telescope
200
The sun is a star that gives off energy. Which forms of the sun’s energy reach Earth?
A) light and heat
B) light and sound
C) heat and electricity
D) light and electricity
A) light and heat
200
What force causes a ball to fall when John lets go of it?
A) radiant energy
B) gravity
C) magnetism
D) a push
B) gravity
300
In her report, Sara writes this:
“I was able to count 11 stars from 10 feet away from the box. The stars seemed to be three sizes, and some were very bright.”
What did Sara write?
A) a hypothesis
B) a conclusion
C) an observation
D) a variable
C) an observation
300
Which of these statements about telescopes is true?
A) Telescopes work only at night.
B) Telescopes make stars look larger.
C) Telescopes make stars look farther away.
D) Telescopes let scientists see fewer stars because they are closer.
B) Telescopes make stars look larger.
300
The table shows the temperatures of 3 jars of water outside.
What claim is supported by the evidence in the table?
A) Jar 1 is in full shade.
B) Jar 1 is in full sun.
C) Jar 2 is in full sun.
D) Jar 3 is in full shade.
B) Jar 1 is in full sun.
300
Gravity makes it easier to hammer a nail. What reasoning explains how evidence supports this claim?
A) Gravity pushes the board up to help the nail go in.
B) Gravity pulls the board and the nail toward each other.
C) Gravity pulls the nail down but does not pull on the hammer.
D) Gravity pulls the hammer down so that it pushes on the nail.
D) Gravity pulls the hammer down so that it pushes on the nail.
400
The amount of sunlight during the day helps make the temperature outside warmer. The chart below shows the amount of sunlight in Jacksonville, Florida on the first day of each season.
Which season would you claim had the warmest day based on the evidence?
A) Season A C) Season C
B) Season B D) Season D
D) Season D
400
A teacher shows the class a picture of the sun and a picture of a star pattern, as seen from Earth. She points to the brightest star. What does the class know about the sun and the star from the pictures?
A) The sun is larger than the star.
B) The star is brighter than the sun.
C) The star and the sun both give off light.
D) The star and the sun are both the same size.
C) The star and the sun both give off light.
400
A thermometer on Sam’s porch is always in the shade. Sam checks the temperature each hour from noon until bedtime. Then he draws the bar graph shown below.
What does the bar graph show?
A) The temperature was the same from noon to 9 p.m.
B) The temperature fell until
3 p.m. and then rose each hour until 9 p.m.
C) The temperature rose until
3 p.m. and then fell each hour until 9 p.m.
D) The temperature was the same until 6 p.m. and then fell each hour until 9 p.m.
C) The temperature rose until
3 p.m. and then fell each hour until 9 p.m.
400
Which is true about birds and gravity?
A) Birds avoid gravity by flying very quickly.
B) Birds fly by using forces to overcome gravity.
C) Birds fly by using heat to overcome gravity.
D) Birds are too light in weight to be pulled by gravity.
B) Birds fly by using forces to overcome gravity.
500
This is a star pattern that can be seen with the naked eye.
If you looked through a telescope, what would you expect to see?
A) more stars
B) fewer stars
C) stars in different positions
D) the same amount of stars
A) more stars
500
Amad looks through a telescope and sees five stars. Two stars appear brighter than the others. Which of these statements is true about the bright stars Amad sees?
A) Amad sees that the bright stars are the closest stars.
B) Amad can tell that the two bright stars are the exact same size.
C) Amad cannot determine the distance or exact size of the bright stars by looking.
D) Amad can see that the two bright stars are smaller and farther away than the other stars.
C) Amad cannot determine the distance or exact size of the bright stars by looking.
500
Jack recorded the temperature one day in a bar graph.
Which sentence best states the changes in temperature?
A) The temperature was higher at 9:00 that at 11:00.
B) The temperature was 20 °C at noon.
C) The temperature increased every half hour for 3 hr.
D) The temperature decreased
2 °C every half hour for 3 hr.
C) The temperature increased every half hour for 3 hr.
500
A computer sits on a desk.
What is helping overcome the force of gravity on the computer?
A) the desk
B) The shape of the computer
C) the direction the user faces
D) the position of the keyboard
A) the desk