Congress in Action
Which chamber of Congress initiates revenue (tax) bills?
The House of Representatives
Who serves as Commander in Chief of the armed forces?
The President
Which branch of government interprets laws?
The Judicial Branch
Which branch can veto legislation passed by Congress?
The Executive Branch (President)
What document serves as the supreme law of the United States?
The U.S. Constitution
How many senators represent each state in Congress?
Two
What is an executive order?
A directive issued by the President that has the force of law within the executive branch
Which court case established the power of judicial review?
→Marbury v. Madison
Which branch can override a presidential veto?
Congress
What principle divides government into three separate branches?
Separation of powers
Most work on proposed laws in Congress occurs in what smaller groups?
Standing committees
Which group of advisors helps the President manage executive departments?
The Cabinet
How long do federal judges serve once confirmed?
For life, during good behavior
Which branch can declare laws unconstitutional?
The Judicial Branch
Why did the Founders divide power among branches instead of giving it to one group?
To prevent tyranny and protect liberty
What vote is needed in Congress to override a presidential veto?
Two‑thirds of both chambers
What check does the President have over Congress’s ability to pass laws?
The power to veto
What is the difference between original and appellate jurisdiction?
Original = first trial; appellate = reviewing a lower court’s decision
Which branch must confirm presidential appointments to the Supreme Court?
The Senate
What happens if a bill is passed by Congress but not signed by the President for ten days while Congress is in session?
It becomes law without signature
What is the main difference between expressed and implied powers of Congress?
Expressed are listed in the Constitution; implied come from the Necessary and Proper Clause
What is required for the President to make a treaty official?
Approval by two‑thirds of the Senate
Who nominates federal judges and who confirms them?
President nominates; Senate confirms
Explain one of two ways the legislative branch can check the judicial branch
Through impeachment or by amending laws that were struck down
How does the impeachment process demonstrate checks and balances?
House impeaches; Senate holds trial—showing legislative check on executive