Terms
What term is described as a voluntary urban community where people of similar origin reside?
Ethnic enclave
Spanish Catholicism would most likely have the greatest impact on the cultural landscape of which region of the US?
1. Great Plains. 2. Northeast. 3. Southeast. 4. Northwest 5. Southwest
5. Southwest
The increasing sales of clothing brands endorsed by professional athletes to customers in Europe is an example of which type of diffusion?
Hierarchical diffusion
The ___ language initially diffused to North America through the process of relocation diffusion. A number of colonies were established and settled by people from Great Britain. Which language completes the blank?
English
The pagoda is a common architectural style within ___, traced back to the concept of a stupa, used to enshrine sacred relics. Paro Taktsang is a pagoda and monastery in Bhutan. It is an example of the impact of religion on the cultural landscape. Which religion completes the blank?
Buddhism
What is described as a language with mature vocabulary and grammar that is widely adopted as a common language between speakers whose native languages are different?
Lingua franca
What is the principal religion of Central and South America?
Catholicism
Chinese porcelain was highly valued in Europe for its beauty, style, and durability. However, imported porcelain from China was very expensive. Crafters in Germany and England developed new methods of making porcelain using feldspar and bone rather than the kaolin that was used in China. This new porcelain was viewed as having similar quality to Chinese porcelain, and the new methods continued to be used in Europe. This example describes what type of diffusion?
Stimulus diffusion
Which language serves as a lingua franca for Internet users throughout the world?
English
The Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, the Nile Valley, and North China are the four major what?
Cultural hearths
What is defined as the process of absorbing one cultural group into another? When this happens, one group can no longer be distinguished from another more dominant group.
Assimilation
Varanasi is a city in northern India that draws pilgrims who bathe in the Ganges River’s sacred waters and perform funeral rites. A pilgrim to Varanasi is most likely to follow what faith?
Hinduism
The Spanish settlement of Mexico caused this branch of Christianity to diffuse in Mexico. Churches were constructed in Mexico City and throughout Latin America, altering the spatial patterns of the cultural landscape.
Catholicism
Countries with ___ as an official language include Chad, Gabon, Switzerland, and Haiti. This is an example of how the language of a colonizing power persists despite the independence of former colonies.
French
Indigenous children in the US and Canada were placed in boarding schools in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This is an example of what process?
Assimilation
What is defined as the adoption of cultural traits, such as language, by one group under the influence of another, while still maintaining elements of their own culture?
Acculturation
Christianity was brought to ___ through relocation diffusion when the Spanish colonized ___ in the sixteenth century. What country in east Asia completes the blanks?
the Philippines
___ diffused hierarchically to the west through conquest and to the east through relocation via missionaries along trade routes. Which religion completes the blank?
Islam
Which languages (2) are most likely to be spoken in US counties where 60 percent or more of residents speak a language other than English at home?
1. French. 2. Spanish. 3. German. 4. Dutch. 5. Russian. 6. Creole. 7. American Indian. 8 Hindi. 9. Chinese. 10. Arabic
2. Spanish, 7. American Indian
Which cultural realm would have the lowest values of hog production per capita?
Islamic (North Africa/Southwest Asia or Middle East)
Cultural differences within a country’s population, such as different religions, languages, and ethnicities, have political impacts and can best be described as what?
Centrifugal forces
As Buddhism diffused through East Asia, Buddhist traditions blended with local cultural customs to create distinct religious practices, such as Daoism in China and Shinto in Japan. Which term best describes this blending of cultural traditions?
Syncretism
The ___ language family is the most widely diffused, with its languages spread across Europe, Asia, North and South America, and Australia due to historical factors like colonization and trade.
Indo-European
The Gullah language is spoken in African-American communities of the coastal southeastern United States, particularly in South Carolina, Georgia, and northeastern Florida. It is a combination of Elizabethan English and African dialects. What type of language is Gullah?
Creolized
What is the lingua franca of East Africa?
Swahili