Enlightenment
What was the Enlightenment?
A period in the 1600s–1700s when people questioned old ideas and emphasized reason and individual rights.
Name one economic cause of the American Revolutio
Navigation Acts, Stamp Act, Tea Act
Which estate had the least amount of power?
Peasants and Commoners
What was the main crop in Saint-Domingue?
Sugar
Who were the Peninsulares?
People born in Spain who held top positions in government.
Which thinker believed in natural rights like life, liberty, and property?
John Locke
What slogan summarized the colonists’ anger at British taxes?
“No taxation without representation”
What caused the financial problems the caused the French Revolution?
King Louis XVI was using tax money to build the palace or Versailles and pay for multiple wars. Queen Marie Antoinette had expensive taste.
Who led the Haitian Revolution?
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Who were the Creoles?
People of Spanish descent born in the Americas.
Montesquieu’s major contribution to government was the idea of ________.
Separation of powers
What event involved colonists dumping tea into Boston Harbor?
Boston Tea Party
How many times did the Third Estate try to talk to the King before it turned violent
Three times.
First they wrote a letter asking for rights but the King ignored it. Second, the King had a meeting for all three estates but locked the third estate out. Last, the people wrote another letter called the Declaration of the Rights of Man but was ignored again.
What year did Haiti declare independence?
1804
Name one cause of the Latin American Revolutions.
Social inequality, Enlightenment ideas, Napoleon’s invasion of Spain, American Revolution, French Revolution, Haitian Revolution
What is the “social contract”?
Citizens give up some freedoms in exchange for government protection of rights.
What document declared independence from Britain?
Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776
What happened to the King after her was arrested?
He was killed/ beheaded.
What made the Haitian Revolution unique?
It was the only successful slave revolt that created an independent nation.
Which country gained independence first during the Latin American Revolutions?
Ecuador - August 10, 1809
Which Enlightenment idea most directly challenged the concept of absolute monarchy
The idea of the social contract and consent of the governed—it argued that governments derive power from the people and must protect their rights
Why is the American Revolution considered a turning point in global history?
Hint: The United States was the first country in the western hemisphere to gain independence.
It inspired other nations to seek democracy and independence.
What was the Reign of Terror?
A period of time where if people were suspected of anti-revolutionary activity they were killed/ sent to the guillotine.
How did the Haitian Revolution affect global history?
It inspired other independence movements and influenced the abolition of slavery.
Why was there a rivalry between the Creoles and the Peninsulares?
Creoles gained economic and social power, but had little political power.
Peninsulares controlled most government jobs and power.
Creoles were frustrated that their rising status didn’t come with equal
political rights.