Reconstruction & Amendments
CLUE: This 1865 constitutional amendment officially abolished slavery and involuntary servitude nationwide.
What is the 13th Amendment?
CLUE: These state and local ordinances enacted across the South mandated racial separation in public transportation, schools, and facilities.
What are Jim Crow laws
CLUE: Journalist John O'Sullivan coined this term in 1845 to describe the belief that U.S. expansion across the continent was divinely ordained.
What is Manifest Destiny?
CLUE: On May 10, 1869, the "Golden Spike" was driven at this Utah location to complete the Transcontinental Railroad.
What is Promontory Summit, Utah?
his 1870 constitutional amendment prohibited states from denying a citizen the right to vote based on race, color, or prior condition of servitude.
What is the 15th Amendment?
CLUE: This 1868 amendment guaranteed birthright citizenship and equal protection under the law for all persons.
What is the 14th Amendment?
CLUE: Financial fees levied at Southern polling sites specifically designed to impoverish and block Black citizens from voting.
What are poll taxes?
CLUE: The Homestead Act of 1862 granted this exact amount of public land to citizens who lived on and cultivated it for 5 years.
What is 160 acres?
CLUE: Thousands of immigrants from this nation performed dangerous labor carving tunnels through Sierra Nevada granite for Central Pacific.
Who were Chinese immigrants?
In 1879, over 40,000 African American migrants, known as Exodusters, fled Southern Jim Crow oppression to settle in this Western state.
What is Kansas?
CLUE: President Lincoln's lenient state readmission plan required this percentage of a state's voters to take a Union loyalty oath.
What is 10% (Lincoln's 10% Plan)?
CLUE: Subjective, rigged constitutional comprehension tests administered by white registrars to prevent Black registration.
What are literacy tests?
CLUE: High farmland costs, urban overcrowding, and racial violence in Eastern/Southern states are examples of these migration factors.
What are Push factors?
CLUE: The invention of this type of fencing in 1874 contributed heavily to closing the Open Range cattle era.
What is barbed wire?
This 1862 federal law provided direct loans and massive square-mile land grants to railroad corporations to construct a transcontinental rail line.
What is the Pacific Railway Act?
CLUE: This 1877 compromise resulted in federal military troops being withdrawn from the South, ending federal Reconstruction oversight.
What is the Compromise of 1877?
CLUE: Southern state election laws that exempted poor white voters from literacy tests or poll taxes if their grandfathers had voting rights prior to 1867.
What are Grandfather Clauses?
CLUE: Over 40,000 Black Southerners who fled Reconstruction-era Jim Crow violence to settle in Kansas in 1879 were known by this name.
Who were the Exodusters?
CLUE: Millions of Texas Longhorns were driven north along this famous cattle trail to Kansas rail depots.
What is the Chisholm Trail?
In 1892, Homer Plessy was intentionally arrested in Louisiana for sitting in a "whites-only" train car to challenge this state law.
What is the Separate Car Act?
CLUE: He shot President Abraham Lincoln during Act III of Our American Cousin at Ford's Theatre on April 14, 1865.
Who was John Wilkes Booth?
CLUE: This landmark 1896 Supreme Court decision established the legal doctrine of "Separate but Equal" for 58 years.
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
CLUE: In 1869, this territory became the first jurisdiction in the United States to grant women full voting rights to attract settlement.
What is Wyoming Territory?
CLUE: This 1882 federal law was the first major U.S. law to restrict immigration based specifically on nationality or race.
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act?
Along with Vice President Andrew Johnson, co-conspirators involved in President Lincoln's assassination plot targeted this Secretary of State in an attempt to plunge the executive branch into chaos.
Who was William Seward?