Unit 3 Review: Energy in Ecosystems

Circulatory/Respiratory

100

What are the two types of blood vessels called?

arteries and veins

200

What is the purpose of the lungs?

gas exchange

300

Name the four chambers of the heart, and circle which two chambers contain oxygenated blood.

Right Atrium, Right Ventricle

Left Atrium, Left Ventricle

Oxygenated = left

400

Which gas is higher in the blood of veins?

carbon dioxide

500

Explain why CO2 rises in our breath due to exercise.

When we exercise, our body needs more oxygen to do cellular respiration at a faster rate. So our body inhales faster, which means our heart rate must increase to transport O2 to cells, and transport CO2 back to the lungs as waste. Our lungs then exhale CO2 at a faster rate.

Digestive System

100

glucose is a macromolecule which is broken down into which monomer during digestion?

monosaccharides

200

What do enzymes do AND which biomolecule are they

They are PROTEINS that help catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions

300

Absorption in the digestive tract occurs in which main organ?

1) stomach, 2) small intestine, or 3) esophagus

small intestine

400

The monomer for a nucleic acid is called a __________? 

nucleotide

500

which 2 biomolecules are responsible for storing energy?

carbohydrates

lipids

Photosynthesis

100

during photosynthesis, sunlight and sugars enter the plant through what organelle?

choloroplasts

200

TRUE OR FALSE?

Chlorophyll absorbs green light.

FALSE

It reflects it

300

openings on the bottom of leaves that allow gases to enter and leave are called what?

stomata

400

During the day time (light-dependent reactions), plants convert ADP to _______ and produce what gas?

ATP

Oxygen 

500

The Calvin Cycle occurs in the __________ of the chloroplast and is responsible for making what?

stroma

glucose sugars

Cellular Respiration

100

Cellular Respiration occurs in what cell organelle?

mitochondrion

200

What is the full formula for cellular respiration?

C₆H₁₂O₁₂ + O₆ -->  CO₂  + H₂O (+ATP energy)

300

Glycolysis breaks down 1 glucose into 2 _________ molecules.

pyruvate or pyruvic acid

400

What is the major difference between Lactic Acid Fermentation and Alcoholic Fermentation?

the products they produce...

500

How many MORE units of ATP does aerobic respiration make compared to anaerobic respiration?

Aerobic = 36, Anaerobic = 2

How many MORE = 36-2 = 

34 MORE ATP

Miscellaneous

100

What is another name for fermentation?

anaerobic respiration

200

Adenosine Triphosphate is made up of what?

ribose sugars, 3 phosphate groups, and a nitrogen base

300

What is the purpose of the electron transport chain?

to transport excited electrons across a membrane to create more energy

400

Which enzyme exists in the saliva of the mouth to help digest foods while you chew?

amylase

500

What is the meaning of life?

Dude, I don't know.