Lesson 11 - The Gunpowder Empires
What was the mixture to make gunpowder?
Sulfur, charcoal, and saltpeter.
In the 14th and 20th centuries, what two dynasties governed China?
Ming and Qing dynasties
During the Renaissance, what was a major family that offered financial support to many writers and artists?
The Medici family
What year did European States start using gunpowder weapons?
The 1300s
When did the revolution that ended the Qing dynasty start?
started in 1911
Who took over Constantinople?
The Ottoman Empire took over Constantinople.
Why did the Ming dynasty restore the Great Wall of China?
They strengthened their northern defense, mainly against the Mongols.
What is the difference between the heliocentric and the geocentric theory?
Heliocentric- the sun is the center of the universe, Geocentric- earth is the center of the universe
How did the South, Venice, and Genoa become rich?
They got rich because the Muslim traders brought silk, spices, and ivory.
What did the Portuguese trade for slaves in Africa?
cloth, grain, silver, and horses
What is the definition of janissaries?
Slave soldiers in the Ottoman Empire, usually Christian
What was the main difference between the divine right and the Mandate of Heaven?
A divine right ruler can NOT be removed from power. Mandate of heaven rulers can be removed from power.
What did Martin Luther believe?
He believed that salvation came from faith alone and that the Bible was the only source of religious truth.
What year(s) did the nation states emerge?
During the 1400s-1500s
Who captured the city of Constantinople on April 6th, 1953?
Ottoman Turks
What are Huo yao and Huo jian?
Huo yao is “fire drug” and Huo jian is “fire arrow”.
When Japan faced isolation, how did it benefit them?
Tokugawa rulers were able to preserve Japanese traditions and maintain control.
When did the Scientific Revolution begin?
1500s
What states were the big hitters?
Spain, Portugal, England, Netherlands, and France.
What did Tokugawa do when he took control of Japan?
He brought peace and stability, created a strong, centralized government, ended wars, and united Japan
What happened during the golden age, and who was the ruler?
Akbar ruled during the golden age, and the empire greatly expanded, and taxes were reduced.
What did the Tokugawa rulers ban or not allow?
Construction of new castles, movement of samurai, production of gunpowder, any imports, and the damiyo and their families to live as virtual hostages in Edo.
Enlightenment thinkers…
…were inspired by science and its goal of understanding the laws of nature.
Who provided resources that a state needed to succeed with its ventures overseas?
Merchants, Bankers, and Investors.
What did Ivan the Great do for Russia?
expanded Russia’s territory and ended the Mongol rule