Definitions
a denial of equal treatment to individuals based on their group membership
discrimination
the movement between or within social classes
social mobility
this is calculated by looking at the cost per person during the year to buy an adequate amount of nutritious food and is then multiplied by three
poverty line
the collective reference to immigrants from the predominantly catholic countries of Ireland, Italy, France, Poland, and Greece
white ethnics
this group of theirists look at the unequal distribution of resources, particularly by those who are in charge of the means of production versus those who own only to worth of their labor
conflict
a group of people who are singled out and unequally treated because of their physical characteristics or cultural practices
minority group
the process of dividing societies into categories, ranks, or classes based on certain characteristics
social stratification
this group of people make up the largest portion of those in poverty in the US (33%)
children (25% total pop)
individuals who share a common cultural background and a common sense of identity
ethnic group
the practice of placing blame for one’s troubles on an innocent individual or group
scapegoating
a form of vertical mobility in which social status changes during one individual’s life
intragenerational mobility
a system of social stratification in which resources and rewards are distributed on the basis of ascribed statuses
caste
these opportunities are lessened when in poverty because the institution relies on property taxes, and lower income areas tend to have more failing of these institutions
educational opportunities
this type of discrimination is harder to combat because it is an outgrowth of a system that no longer necessarily supports legal discrimination
institutionalized
a prediction that results in behavior that make the prediction come true
self-fulfilling prophecy
an oversimplified, exaggerated, or unfavorable generalization about a category of people
stereotype
a technique used to rank individuals according to social class in which individuals in the community rank other community members based on what they know of the characters and lifestyles
these types of programs include transfer payments and government subsidies
welfare programs
the process of removing a group from a particular area through terror, expulsion, and mass murder
Ethnic Cleansing
a combination of an individual’s assets- the value of everything the person owns- and income- money earned through salaries and investments
wealth
marriage outside of one’s own social category
exogamy
name each of the classes within the US stratification system
Upper class, upper middle class, lower middle class, working class, working poor, and underclass
these are the likelihood that individuals have of sharing in the opportunities and benefits of society, and are lower when in poverty
life chances
This minority group is the largest in the US, often mistaken for a racial group
Hispanic/Lantinx
a rating that combines social factors such as level of education, occupational prestige, and place of residence with the economic factor of income in oder to determine an individual;s relative position in a stratification system
Socioeconomic Status (SES)