Bias
When you get a skewed result because of who you asked or how you asked the question. It does not properly represent the population
What is a simple random sample?
Each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected (like drawing a name out of a hat)
What is the difference between a bar graph and a histogram?
In a histogram, the bars touch. In a bar graph, they are equally spaced out.
Which type of distribution has all the bars at the same level?
Uniform
How do we find the mode of a data set?
Find the number that appears most often
Rewrite the following question so it does not contain bias:
“Some studies show that learning to play a musical instrument helps students understand math. Do you plan to have your child learn a musical instrument?”
Do you plan to have your child learn a musical instrument?
What is a voluntary response sample?
When members of the population who have chosen to respond are surveyed
What is the difference between discrete and continuous data?
Discrete can only be whole numbers, continuous can be decimals.
Which type of distribution has the highest frequency in the middle?
Normal
How do we find the mean of a data set?
Add all the numbers together and divide by the number of numbers
What type of bias might occur in the following scenario:
"Hands up if you did your covid screening today."
Response bias (you are likely to answer with a lie if you didn't do it)
What is a cluster sample?
When the population is divided into groups and you ask every member of a certain number of groups
Primary = you make the question and get the answer for yourself
Secondary = someone else gets the information/does the work for you
Which type of distribution has the lowest frequency in the middle?
Bimodal
What's the formula we used to find the median number position?
(n+1)/2
What is the bias in the following question:
"What colour should we paint the bathroom?"
No bias!
What is a systematic sample?
When you choose every nth person/object to be a part of your research
List the three different data types.
Discrete, continuous, and categorical
How can we tell if a graph is left skewed distribution?
The high bars are on the right/low bars are on the left
How many modes can one data set have?
One, none, or as many as needed!
What type of bias is in the following question:
"You're not into gaming, right?"
Loaded question
What is a stratified random sample?
When the population is divided into subgroups and you choose a random sample proportional to each group (i.e. if you had 10 grade nines and 20 grade elevens and wanted 10% of each you'd ask 1 grade nine and 2 grade elevens)
Which graph is best to display data represented by intervals?
Histograms
What is an outlier?
A number that is way outside the data set: an oddball number
What's a better measure of data: mean or median?
Median