Unit 3 Test Review 2

Bonding Basics

100

Why do atoms form chemical bonds? 

To achieve a stable, state by acquiring 8 valence electrons. 

200

What type of elements form ionic bonds and where are they found on the periodic table? 

NM + M, to the right and left of the staircase respectively. 

300

Describe the difference between ionic, covalent, and metallic bonding in terms of electron behavior. 

Ionic - Transfer, 

Covalent - Sharing, 

Metallic - Free flowing,

400

What is the "sea of electrons"? 

This describes the way electrons flow throughout metallic compounds. It also explains why metallic compounds are good conductors of heat and electricity. 

500

Name 1 property of Ionic, Covalent, and Metallic compounds. 

Ionic - Form solid crystals, High melting/boiling points, brittle, conduct electricity when dissolved, good insulators in solid state, mostly soluble in water. 

Covalent - Form molecules, typically strong and take a lot of energy to break these bonds, exist in all 3 states of matter, low melting/boiling points, poor conductors, good insulators, form polyatomic ions, 

Metallic - good conductors of heat/electricity, malleable/ductile, high melting/boiling point, many are very chemically reactive, form alloys. 

Name That Formula

100

CO₂

Carbon Dioxide

200

Al₂S₃

Aluminum Sulfide

300

(NH₄)₂SO₄

Ammonium Sulfate

400

Cl₂O₇

Dichlorine Heptoxide

500

Ni(NO₃)₂

Nickel (II) Nitrate

Write That Formula

100

Carbon Monoxide

CO

200

Tetraphosphorus Pentoxide

P₄O₅

300

Titanium (IV) Iodide

TiI₄

400

Ammonium Nitrate

NH₄NO₃

500

Magnesium Bromate

Mg(BrO₃)₂​​​​

Molecular Shapes (And why...)

100

H₂O

Bent

200

CO₂

Linear

300

NH₃

Trigonal Pyramidal

400

CH₂O

Trigonal Planar

500

CaCl₂

Crystal Lattice

Whateva

100

Describe Ionic Radii and tell me the size difference between: Anions, Atoms, and Cations. 

Anions are larger, Atoms are neutral, and Cations are smaller. 

200

Tell me what the most ____ elements are for: 

Ionization energy

Electronegativity

Atomic Radii

He, F, FR, 

300

Define and describe the differences between a MOLECULE and a COMPOUND

Not all molecules are compounds, but all compounds are molecules. 

400

State Coulombs Law in words: 

Coulomb’s Law says that the force of attraction or repulsion between two charged particles depends on two things:

1. How strong the charges are — bigger charges mean a stronger force.

2. How far apart the charges are — the farther apart they are, the weaker the force.

In simple terms: The closer and more charged the particles are, the stronger the electric force between them.

500

Using your understanding of periodic trends, explain why (most element for each topic) is the most (electronegative, largest atomic radii, most ionization energy) element. 

F is the most electronegative because...

He has the most ionization energy because...

Fr is the largest atomic Radii element because...