The Cell Cycle and Mitosis
Meiosis and Genetic Variation
Chromosome #s & Cell Types
Comparing Mitosis & Meiosis
There Is No Hope!!!!!
100
What happens during the G1 phase of the cell cycle?
The cell grows, makes organelles except chromosomes
100
What is the point of Meiosis
To produce Gametes
100
If a human body cell has 46 chromosomes, how many are in a gamete?
23
100
How many divisions occur in mitosis vs. meiosis?
Mitosis = one division; Meiosis = two divisions
100
What happens when cell cycle control fails?
Cells divide uncontrollably, forming tumors (cancer).
200
Which phase does DNA Replicate in?
S
200
Look at this image. What is occuring and during what phase does this happen?
Crossing over, Prophase I
200
Define diploid and haploid
Diploid (2n) = full set of chromosomes; Haploid (n) = half set.
200
How do their genetic results differ?
Mitosis makes identical cells; Meiosis makes genetically unique cells.
200
If a frog sperm contains 15 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would the skin cell of a frog contain?
30
300
If a somatic cell has 2n=46 chromosomes, which means it's diploid. What will the daughter cells be?
2n=46 chromosomes (diploid)
300
With your knowledge of Meiosis, What vocabulary word have we discussed on why siblings don't look like each other. And during what phase does this occur?
Independent Assortment, Anaphase I
300
What type of cells are produced by mitosis?
Somatic Cells (Body cells) Identical to the parent
300
A mutation occurs during DNA replication before both mitosis and meiosis. In which process would this mutation be more likely passed to offspring, and why?
Meiosis
300
Why is cell division important for growth and repair?
It replaces damaged cells and allows organisms to grow.
400
The Cell will spend 90% of it's time in this phase of the cell cycle.
Interphase
400
Why are no two gametes identical?
Because of crossing over and independent assortment
400
What type of cells are produced by meiosis
Gametes
400
Mitosis ensures genetic continuity, while meiosis ensures variation. Describe one mechanism from each process that achieves these outcomes.
Mitosis → accurate DNA replication and equal chromosome distribution;
Meiosis → crossing over and independent assortment create variation.
400
Examine this picture. Assume that in anaphase II, one of the sister chromatids fails to separate evenly at the centromere. If meiosis leads to the formation of sperm, what mutation has occurred?
Nondisjunction
500
During which phase does the nuclear membrane reform around each set of chromosomes?
Telophase
500
What error in Meiosis does this image show? And during what phase will this occur? 
Nondisjunction, Anaphase, Anaphase I or II
500
If a dog’s diploid number is 1,068, what is its haploid number?
n=534
500
Why are both mitosis and meiosis important to life?
Mitosis allows growth and repair; Meiosis enables sexual reproduction and genetic diversity.
500
How can understanding meiosis help explain genetic disorders?
Errors like nondisjunction during meiosis cause chromosomal abnormalities.