The Cell Cycle
What are the three stages of the cell cycle? (in order)
Interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis
Why is mitosis important to the body?
growth and repair of cells
Why is meiosis important to the body?
makes gametes (sperm and egg cells)
allows for reproduction
What is cancer
uncontrolled cell division
Describe why water is polar.
it has positive hydrogens and a negative oxygen
(unequal sharing of charges)
What are the three phases of interphase?
G1, S, and G2
How many cells are produced at the end of mitosis?
two identical daughter cells
How many cells are made during meiosis?
4 haploid cells
Give an example of a carcinogen (something that causes cancer).
What macromolecule is a good short term source of energy?
carbohydrates
What phase of interphase does DNA replication occur?
S phase
Name the four phases of mitosis in the correct order.
How many cell divisions are in meiosis?
Two
True or false. If a skin cell is altered, it can start making a lung cell.
False
Describe THREE ways plant cells are different from animal cells.
cell wall
vacuoles
chloroplast
shape
In which phase does the cytoplasm of the cell divide, completing the cell division?
cytokinesis
Which phase of mitosis involves the nucleus reappearing and the cell starting to divide?
telophase
Describe crossing over and what does it increase?
a piece of the chromosome breaks off and is moved to another chromosome.
It allows for genetic variation
Give two examples of how doctors can fight cancer.
chemotherapy and radiation
Which type of macromolecule are enzymes?
proteins
Which phase does a neuron cell spend most of its time?
G0
How many chromosomes should each cell have at the end of the cell cycle?
46
After meiosis, how many chromosomes are in each cell?
23
If a cell fails a checkpoint, what happens to the cell?
What is the monomer of a protein?
amino acids