Factories and Fuel
What machine did Jethro Tull invent to make planting more efficient?
What is the seed drill?
What word describes the movement of people from farms to cities?
What is urbanization?
Who invented the light bulb that allowed longer factory work hours?
Who is Thomas Edison?
What ideal emphasized women’s role as moral guardians of the home?
What is the cult of domesticity?
Who invented the cotton gin?
Who is Eli Whitney?
Which energy source powered James Watt’s improved steam engine?
What is coal?
What type of housing did many poor working families live in?
What are tenements?
Which process made steel stronger and cheaper?
What is the Bessemer Process?
Whose theory of evolution proposed natural selection?
Who is Charles Darwin?
Who promoted utilitarianism—“the greatest happiness for the greatest number”?
Who is Jeremy Bentham?
What was the “putting-out system” also called?
What is the cottage industry?
Which thinker wrote The Wealth of Nations promoting the free market?
Who is Adam Smith?
What brothers achieved the first powered airplane flight?
Who are Orville and Wilbur Wright?
What 1848 meeting marked the start of organized women’s suffrage in the U.S.?
What is the Seneca Falls Convention?
Which nurse promoted sanitation in hospitals during the Crimean War?
Who is Florence Nightingale?
Why did Britain have an advantage in starting the Industrial Revolution?
What are the four factors of production? (Natural resources, capital, labor, and entrepreneurship)
What report exposed child labor abuses in textile mills?
What is the Sadler Report?
What business structure raised capital by selling shares of stock?
What is a corporation?
What art movement rejected Enlightenment rationality in favor of imagination and emotion?
What is Romanticism?
What writer exposed industrial poverty in novels like Oliver Twist?
Who is Charles Dickens?
What was the first major rail line in the world, connecting two British cities?
What is the Liverpool-Manchester Rail Line?
According to Karl Marx, history is driven by conflict between which two groups?
Who are the bourgeoisie and the proletariat?
Which scientist proved microbes cause disease, leading to vaccines and pasteurization?
Who is Louis Pasteur?
Which artistic style sought to capture fleeting light and color, led by painters like Monet?
What is impressionism?
Who invented dynamite, later funding a peace prize with his fortune?
Who is Alfred Nobel?