Transoceanic Connections
This event marked the exchange of plants, animals, people, and diseases between Afro-Eurasia and the Americas.
What was the Columbian Exchange?
These empires in Asia and the Middle East relied on this technology to expand their territories.
What was gunpowder?
This American crop became a major food source and boosted population growth in Europe.
What were potatoes (or maize)?
Enslaved Africans were primarily forced to work on these large agricultural estates growing cash crops like sugar and tobacco.
What were plantations?
This precious metal linked Spain’s colonies in the Americas with trade markets in Ming China.
What was silver?
This 15th–17th century movement was sparked when the Ottomans controlled the Silk Road, forcing Europeans to seek new routes.
What was the Age of Exploration?
This empire built the Taj Mahal as a symbol of cultural blending.
What was the Mughal Empire?
These deadly diseases were brought to the Americas from Europe.
What were smallpox, measles, and influenza?
Most enslaved Africans were transported to these two regions in the Americas.
What were the Caribbean and Brazil?
These companies allowed investors to share profits and risks of overseas exploration.
What were joint-stock companies?
This was one major motivation for European exploration during the 15th century, alongside the search for gold and glory.
What was the desire to spread Christianity? (God, Glory, & Gold)
These Christian boys were enslaved, trained, and turned into elite Ottoman soldiers.
Who were the Janissaries?
This animal revolutionized Indigenous hunting and transportation across the Americas.
What was the horse?
This form of slavery treated human beings as permanent property that could be bought and sold.
What was chattel slavery?
This economic policy in which colonies exist to benefit the mother country by providing raw materials and acting as a market for manufactured goods.
What was mercantilism?
This explorer thought he reached India when he actually arrived in the Americas.
Who was Christopher Columbus?
These empires, such as the Spanish and Portuguese, gained power through sea-based trade and colonization.
What were the maritime empires?
These large-scale crops, such as sugar and tobacco, were grown on plantations using enslaved labor.
What were cash crops?
This group of escaped enslaved Africans formed independent communities throughout the Americas.
Who were Maroons?
This new economic model replaced mercantilism by promoting competition and limited government control.
What is capitalism?
This treaty divided the newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal.
What was the Treaty of Tordesillas?
This Russian czar expanded eastward across Siberia and sought to “Westernize” his nation.
Who was Peter the Great?
This term describes the massive population loss among Indigenous Americans following exposure to European diseases like smallpox and measles.
What was the Great Dying?
This voyage carried millions of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to the Americas.
What was the Middle Passage?
This labor system, adapted by the Spanish from the Inca, required Indigenous people to work in mines and public projects.
What was the mita system?