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A stone is a small fragment of a rock, with a maximum size of a fist
What 3 properties do we use to identify rocks?
Mineral composition, Origin, & Texture
What are the 2 groups of Metamorphic rocks?
Foliated rocks & Non-Foliated rocks
How do rocks become sediment?
Erosion & Weathering
How are Igneous rocks formed?
Formed as a result of the solidification of magma
What is the difference between a rock and a mineral?
Minerals are made up of chemical elements & rocks are made up of minerals
If a rock is vesicular, describe it's texture
The rock has holes in its surface, like Pumice
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Changes in pressure & temperature
How does a sedimentary rock become a metamorphic rock?
Heat & Pressure
What are the 3 types if Igneous rocks?
Plutonic rocks, Volcanic rocks, & Intermediate rocks
What are the 3 uses of Coal & Petroleum?
Obtaining energy in industry, Heating houses, Moving our vehicles
What are the 4 main uses of rocks?
Construction, Ornamental Rocks, For Pottery, & For Making Glass
How does sediment become a sedimentary rock?
Compaction & Cementation
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
Formed from different fragments of previous rocks or due to the accumulation of chemical substances or remains of living things
Where are volcanic rocks formed? Give an example of a volcanic rock.
Formed in the surface of the planet
Ex: Basalt or Andesite
What are the 2 environmental problems created by burning coal & petroleum?
Increasing of greenhouse effect & Nitrogen & Sulphur oxides
How are organic rocks (sedimentary) formed?
They are formed due to the accumulation of remains of living things such as shells or plants.
What are the 3 types of sedimentary rocks?
Clastic, Chemical, & Organic
How does an igneous rock become a metamorphic rock?
Heat & Pressure
Describe the crystals in a Plutonic rock & give an example.
As the magma solidifies slowly, crystals have long periods of time to grow and are visible at sight.
Ex: Granite & Gabbro
What are fossils and how are they formed?
Fossils are remains of living things from the past or its activity. Sediment buries bones & footprints, preserving them in sedimentary rocks.
What is the difference between a foliated and a non-foliated rock?
Foliated rocks have their minerals ordered in layers, while non-foliated rocks have minerals that grow in size thanks to the higher temperatures
How are chemical rocks (sedimentary) formed?
They are formed as a result of the precipitation of chemical substances such as calcium carbonate forming limestones.
How is magma created?
Heating of either metamorphic or igneous rocks
What are the 4 regions in Spain where Igneous rocks can be found?
Olot in Girona, Calatrava's region in Ciudad Real, Gata's Cape in Murcia, & The Canary Islands