3.1.1 Outbreak at GNMH
A person is who studies health issues in populations, deploys public announcements, and more.
What is an epidemiologist?
What is the difference between an infection and disease?
Infection happens when a disease causing organism invades and begins growing while a disease happens when that infection impairs bodily function.
What is the difference between direct and indirect contact?
Direct contact occurs when a host touches and infected individual or swaps fluids
Indirect contact happens through inhalation or touching an infected object. There must be an intermediary.
What is a patient zero?
The person identified as the first carrier of a communicable disease.
A protein that stimulates an immune response.
An infection acquired in a hospital.
What is a nosocomial infection?
What is a host?
What is a pathogen?
Host - An organism in which another organism lives
Pathogen - organisms that are infectious and cause disease
Define reservoir...
Define portal of exit...
A reservoir is a natural habitat where an infectious agent lives and grows
A portal of exit is how the pathogen leaves the body
What is the downside of identifying patient zero?
That individual might be blamed or ridiculed in the media or in society.
T-cells, B-cells, and Antibodies are all part of which type of immune system?
Adaptive
Why is it important to consider your audience when delivering a public health message?
You have to consider who needs to know the information and plays a role in solving the problem.
What category of pathogens includes yeasts, mildew, molds, and mushrooms?
Fungi
Define infectious dose
The number of virus or bacteria particles required to produce and infection in 50% of normal adult humans.
What is the difference between innate and adaptive immunity?
Innate is a non-specific first line of defense.
Adaptive is a specific defense targeting specific pathogens to destroy them
Vaccines are part of adaptive (acquired) immunity. How do they help protect our bodies from pathogens?
A weakened version of the pathogen is introduced to the body so antibodies can be created to destroy that specific pathogen.
What is the difference between an endemic, outbreak, and pandemic?
Endemic - a disease perpetually present in a community
Outbreak - a sudden increase in the occurrence of a disease in a localized area
Pandemic - An epidemic that has spread across countries or continents and affects a large number of people
Which type of pathogen is made of DNA and invades a host to continue to replicate?
Which pathogen includes worms?
Viruses
Helminths
Is a higher or lower infectious dose better?
A higher infectious dose is safer because it requires more of a virus or bacteria to cause the human to become sick.
How do we get innate and adaptive immunity?
Innate immunity - you're born with it!
Adaptive immunity - your body creates a defense during an infection
What is r-naught?
What does it mean if an infectious agent has an r-naught score of 2.1?
Which is more dangerous? An infectious agent with an r-naught score of 0.03 or 1.5?
R-naught is the average number of people a sick person is expected to infect.
That would mean on average, 2.1 people get infected from one infected person
1.5 r-naught score is more dangerous