Social
Constantinople was taken by the Ottoman empire who changed its name to this
Istanbul
These are the reasons for European exploration
God, Glory, Gold
This invention allowed for empires to expand and develop weapons in the period 1450-1700
Gunpowder
The act of people paying their way out of sin in the Catholic Church
Indulgences
These winds allowed for continuous trade that aided European empires in becoming dominant economic kingdoms
Trade Winds
Describe 2 examples of religious syncretism in the Americas
Santeria and Voodoo
This treaty, created by the Pope, split the Americas between Spain and Portugal
Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
Dutch cargo ship that allowed merchants to carry twice as many goods with half of the crew
Fluyt
This is the main reason why the Mughal Empire and Ottomans were constantly battling the Safavid Empire
Sunni (Ottoman/Mughal) vs Shia (Safavid) Islam
Define Mercantilism
An empire conquering an area for economic gain. Money always goes back to mother country.
What happened to France at the conclusion of the French and Indian War?
France was forced out of Canada and ceded control of their land in North America
These were the problems with the Portuguese empire.
Trade dependent, lacked people to control empire
This ship was developed in Portugal for the purpose of extremely long voyages and very heavy cargo
Carrack
Describe 2 effects of the Columbian Exchange on Africa
1. Warlords gain power
2. Gender Imbalance
3. Famine
4. Increased Warfare
These were the two most common cash crops on the Columbian Exchange
Sugar and Tobacco
This was the system in the Ottoman empire of converting Christian boys to Islam and forcing them into the military
Devshirme System
These were the elite fighting forces of the Ottoman Empire
Janissaries
What was the farming system that developed from the cultivation of sugar
Plantation System
This religion, that was created out of Hinduism and Islam, has 5 "Articles of Faith"
Sikism
Feudalism in Japan was called this, head by the shogunates and administered by the samurai
Daimyo System
This was the tax on non-Muslim citizens living in the Ottoman Empire
Jizya
Name one specific resistance movement to European expansion in the period 1400-1750
- Maroon Wars (Jamaica)
- Metacom's War
- Ana Nzinga (Angola)
- Pueblo Revolt
- Cossack Rebellions (Russia)
Martin Luther was responsible for this split in the Catholic Church (bonus 100 if you can tell me what he did to argue his points)
The Protestant Reformation
Name two African cultural exchanges that took place due to the Transatlantic Slave Trade
- Food (okra, rice)
- Religion (Yoruba)
- Language (Patois)
- Music (Drums, Banjo)
This system was used by Spain in order to take land, enslave the natives, and force them into mining labor
Encomienda System