One of Muhammed's closest friends, chosen to succeed Muhammed, No financial backing, Knew clans well
What is Abu Bakr?
100
Central Asian nomadic peoples; smashed Turko-Persian Kingdoms; captured Baghdad in 1258 and killed last Abbasid caliph
What is Mongols?
100
They were stateless civilizations; not build on presidents; based on kinship or based on mother, wasn't structured
What is the difference between African civilizations from other post-classical civilizations?
100
was more sophisticated than that of the West. They had different religions (Orthodox in the East, Catholic in the West). They were both influenced by Islamic power.
What is the different between the Byzantine Empire in East Europe compare/contrast to the Catholic empire in the West?
100
the post classical period in Western History between the fall of the Roman Empire and the 15th century
What is the Middle Ages?
200
Most reverent Meccan shrine; holds the Black Stone
What is Ka'ba?
200
Muslim slave warriors; established a dynasty in Egypt; defeated the Mongols at Ain Jalut in 1260 and halted Mongol advance
What is Mameluks?
200
The Ethiopian kingdom
What is the most important Christian African kingdom?
200
the site of Byzantine economic and social importance
What is Constantinople?
200
the new architectural style featuring pointed arches and flying buttresses became dominant in western Europe
What is Gothic?
300
Wars in which Abu Bakr routed rival clans and took over Syria, and Egypt.
Bedouins find booty, and weak states, there fore, takeover of new lands mounted.
What is the Ridda Wars?
300
Mongral leaeder who conqured part of the Abissid region
What is Chinggis Khan?
300
Animistic religion-belief in the power of the natural forces personified as deities characterized much of Africa
What is the indigenous religions of sub-Saharan Africa?
300
declined to Turkish invaders and suffered from the Crusades of the west.
What is the reason for the Byzantine empire to decline?
300
they could not be bought or sold, and owned some of the land they farmed
What is Serfs?
400
Damascus beomes political center, Bureaccracy established
Nobles became elites, warrior elite station in south
What is Umayyad Imperium?
400
Muslim political divisions and Element of surprise
What is the success of the first Crusade?
400
Defeated by the Almoravids
What is the reason for Ghana's decline of 1076?
400
was not very innovative; it dwelled in the past on secular Hellenism.
What is Byzantine culture like?
400
Although it inhibited the development of strong central states, some kings were able to use ____ to build their own power
What is feudalism?
500
nomadic people originally from central Asia that lived on the borders of the Abbasid lands
What is the Seljuk Turks?
500
were orthodox religious scholars.
What is ulama?
500
Islam came to dominate Northern Africa and opened the east and west
What is the African regions important for cultural contacts between Islam and Africa?
500
began when the Romans set up Constantinople in the 4th century. It didn't "officially" begin until Justinian took control in the 6th century.
What is the origination Byzantium empire?
500
Haga-Sophia, women rights, legal codes, law, and leader of Byzantine