Tectonic Plates/ earthquakes
Magma Fills the gap between tectonic plates, forming new crust at
a) subsidence zones
b) subduction zones
c) sedimentation zones
d) convergent faults
e) divergent faults
e) divergent faults
whats the difference between soil and dirt?
soil is a complex system that includes eroded rock material, organic matter, nutrients, air, water, and living organisms.
dirt is soil that has been misplaced, such as dust on your clothes.
area of land that drains all the water flowing into a common outlet or body of water, such as a river, lake, or ocean.
How do latitude and alltitude affact the climate of a region?
There is a greater seasonal variation throughout the year when farther from the equator. Altitude, the distance above the Earth's surface (sea level), is also a determining factor on the climate of a region. Changes in latitude and altitude also influence plant and animal distribution.
What is the main purpose of Earth's atmosphere?
To protect us from UV radiation
which of the following terms descibes the exact loctaion where an earthquake occurred?
a) fault line
b) epicenter
c) subduction zone
d) hypocenter
e) hot spot
b) epicenter
The chemical weathering process of hydrolysis breaks down a rock that reacts with
a) oxygen
b) carbonic acid
c) percarbonic acid
d) water
e) sulfuric acid
water
Name a consequence that can be measured in a watershed
pollution
runoff
interactions between water land and organsisms
Why is earth unevenly heated?
The solar energy heats the Earth unevenly because of the distribution of water and land on the Earth and the specific heat of each. Because the Earth is spherical, the poles receive less energy per square kilometer than the equator. Earth's angle of rotation relative to the Sun further influences the uneven distribution of energy received at the Earth's surface. The farther from the equator, the less solar radiation and the cooler the climate.
Describe how Global wind patterns arise
Global wind patterns arise from the interactions of two main causes: the differential heating of the atmosphere by the Sun and the rotation of the Earth itself.
Earthquakes release huge amounts of energy acumulated through which of the following processes
a) tectonic plates constantly pushing against one another
b) compressed magma being forced to the surface through cracks and vents
c) the relentless back-and-forth movement of ocean tides
d) sudden heating of the earth's core
e) distrubance of the earth's magnetic field by the moon's orbit
a) tectonic plates constantly pushing against one another
Name a characteristic of either biological, physical, or chemical weathering.
Biological weathering: occurs from the daily activities of organisms moving through and over soil
physical weathering: occurs when rock materials is broken down without any chemical change taking place, usually through wind, water, and other forces
chemical weathering: occurs when chemical reactions occur from water and atmospheric gases reacting with parent material.
How do scientists conduct studies in watershed?
Monitor hydrological cycle and biogeochemical cycles
Measure effects of clearcutting on water
percolation of the water
How do Earth's seasons work?
Earth's seasons are created by the tilt of the Earth's axis to its orbital planes and its orbital plane and its rotation around the sun. One rotation = one day, revolution = a year.
describe either the El Niño or La Niña periods.
El Niño is a period of ocean warming in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. During El Niño, the surface waters warm due to strong undercurrents of warm water inhibiting the upwelling of colder, nutrient-rich waters. The air surface pressure increases in the western Pacific, resulting in milder climate in the northern United States and Canada and wetter conditions in the eastern United States and regions of Peru and Ecuador, while the Philippines, Indonesia, and Australia become drier than normal. The frequency of Atlantic hurricanes is reduced as well.
During La Niña years, water surface temperatures are colder than average in the eastern Pacific Ocean.
Would an earthquake a magnitude of 5.4 or 6.9 have a greater impact on damage?
6.9
Name the five compnents of soil properties
Parent Material
Climate
Topography
Organisms
Time
if ecosystems are resiliant to disturbances than it has to rebuild. that distrubance effects biogeochemical and hydrologic cycles that feed into watersheds.
How do scientists differentiate climate change from solar radiation, and from greenhouse gases.
Seeing winter getting warmer
Warmer at night
Arctic is melting
Describe the process of hadley cells.
Hadley: occur close to the equator. The surface air in this region is warmed from strong solar radiation, causing the air to rise and expand. This process releases moisture and provides high amounts of rain, a major contributing factor to the tropical rainforests in the equatorial region. The air, now holding less water, heads north and south, ultimately cooling and sinking back towards the surface. Now containing very little water, the arid air helps to produce deserts. The Hadley cell is the strongest of the three air circulation cells.
Define seafloor spreading, faults, and seismic activity.
seafloor spreading-magma from earth's mantle pushes through and reaches earth's surface, creating new rock.
faults-A Fault is a fracture in rock across which there is movement.
seismic activity-frequency and intensity of earthquakes
Order the soil horizons from top to bottom.
O
A
B
C
Bedrock
What are some ways can we prevent watershed pollutions?
stop clearcutting
limited use of artificial pesticides and fertillizers
Draw out the Coriolis effect
On da board
Name and define characteristics the layers of the atmosphere from closest to earth to farthest.
Troposphere: weather occurs
Tropopause
Stratosphere: clouds
Stratopause
Mesosphere: temp is constant
Mesopause
Thermosphere: almost a vacuum