Unit 4

Urinary 1

100

The smallest functional unit the kidney

Nephron

200

When fluid is in the capsular space it is called _______

Filtrate

300

Name the function of the Countercurrent Multiplier

To create the concentration gradient 

400

Movement of substances from tubular fluid back into the blood

Tubular reabsorption

500

Which filtration pressure is the only one that promotes filtration

Glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure (HP_g or GBHP)

Urinary 2

100

Urethritis is the infection of the ________

Urethra

200

Cells found in the afferent arteriole that can also release the enzyme renin

Granular cells (aka juxtaglomerular cells)

300

Movement of substance between cells type of reabsorption

Paracellular reabsorption

400

Name the "backup" intrinsic mechanism of glomerular filtration rate

Tubuloglomerular Mechanism

500

Name the two regulated ways water is reabsorbed

Obligatory and Facultative water reabsorption

Male Reproductive

100

Where does spermatogenesis take place?

Seminiferous tubules (within testes)

200

Name the cells that secrete testosterone

Interstitial cells (Leydig cells)

300

The primary carbohydrate that gives sperm its energy

Fructose

400

These secrete mucin that lubricates the urethra for sperm to travel more easily

Bulbourethral glands (Cowper's glands)

500

When sperm count it too high, which hormone(s) play a role in negative feedback to return sperm levels back to normal

Inhibin inhibits FSH (which will decrease sperm production)

Female Reproductive

100

When menstruation ceases 

Menopause

200

When endometrial tissues grow outside the uterus; can cause scarring and pain 

Endometriosis

300

Name of the scar that forms when fertilization does not occur

Corpus albicans

400

During Meiosis 1 and 2, the secondary oocyte and ovum discard a what?

(First and Second) Polar body

500

Name the 3 phases of the Ovarian Cycle

Follicular Phase, Ovulation, Luteal Phase

Fluids & Electrolytes

100

CO₂ is a __________ acid

volatile

200

Retaining too much CO₂ in our blood pH can lead to this

Respiratory acidosis

300

Water intake aerobic cellular respiration 

Metabolic water

400

The hormone would get blocked from releasing by an ACE inhibitor

Angiotensin II

500

Name the 4 hormones that can influence our body fluid

Angiotensin II, aldosterone, ADH (antidiuretic hormone), and ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide)