Geography of Greece and Rome
What sea lies to the east of Greece and separates it from Asia Minor?
Aegean Sea
What open-air market was a central part of Greek city life?
Agora
What does the word “democracy” mean in Greek?
Rule by the people
What type of government did Rome create after overthrowing its king?
Republic
What religion emerged in Judea and later spread through the Roman Empire?
Christianity
Why did Greece not develop as a unified nation in ancient times?
Because of its mountainous terrain dividing regions
Who were the Minoans and what sport are they known for?
An early civilization from Crete known for bull-jumping
What city-state had a military-focused society and trained boys from age 7?
Sparta
Who could veto decisions in favor of the plebeians?
Tribunes
Who made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire?
Emperor Theodosius
What landform is Greece located on that stretches into the Mediterranean?
The Balkan Peninsula
Name one major crop grown by the Greeks.
Grapes or olives
What event inspired the naming of a long-distance Olympic race?
The run of Pheidippides from Marathon to Athens
What event marked the end of the Roman Republic?
The assassination of Julius Caesar in 44 B.C.
What document contains the teachings of Jesus?
The Gospels in the New Testament
What advantages did Rome’s location along the Tiber River provide?
Protection from floods and attacks; access to trade
What were the Iliad and the Odyssey, and who wrote them?
Epic poems about the Trojan War written by Homer
What was the Delian League and why did it cause conflict?
An alliance led by Athens that forced others to join and funded Athenian projects
What was the Pax Romana?
A 200-year period of peace and prosperity in Rome
What was the Hippocratic Oath, and who created it?
A pledge to practice medicine ethically, created by Hippocrates
What geographical feature helped the Romans unite their empire better than the Greeks?
Broad fertile plains and fewer natural barriers
How did Greek religion explain natural events?
Through myths involving gods and goddesses with human traits
What war broke out between Athens and Sparta in 431 B.C.?
The Peloponnesian War
What led to the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 A.D.?
Invasion by Germanic tribes and the removal of Romulus Augustulus
What cultural period spread Greek ideas across Europe, Asia, and Africa after Alexander's conquests?
The Hellenistic Age