Articles of Confederation
Who wrote the Articles of Confederation?
John Dickinson
What event showed the Articles’ weakness?
Shays' Rebellion
Who proposed the Virginia Plan?
James Madison
Who were the three authors of the Federalist Papers?
Hamilton, Madison, Jay
Who was the first U.S. President?
GW
How did George Washington describe the government’s weakness under the AoC?
“A half-starved limping government”
What was the biggest weakness under the Articles?
no power to tax
What compromise created a bicameral Congress?
Great Compromise (Connecticutt)
Which group opposed ratifying the Constitution without a Bill of Rights?
Anti-Federalists
Which amendment protects freedom of speech?
1st
What did the Articles lack that made them weak?
Executive and Judicial Branches
How did the Constitution fix the military issue?
allowed Congress to raise an army
What counted enslaved people as part of a person for taxes and representation?
3/5ths Compromise
Which compromise delayed ending the slave trade?
Slave Trade Clause (1808)
What rebellion tested Washington’s leadership?
Whiskey
What did the AoC emphasize?
states' rights, sovereignty
How many states were needed to amend the Articles?
all 13
What was created to elect the President indirectly?
Electoral College
When was the Bill of Rights ratified?
1791
Which amendment prevents cruel and unusual punishment?
8th amendment
What was one success of the AoC?
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
What new principle balanced power between states & federal government?
Federalism
What issue divided small and large states?
Representation in Congress
What was the main purpose of The Federalist Papers during the ratification debates?
To convince states to ratify the Constitution by explaining and defending its principles.
What were Washington’s two key warnings in his Farewell Address?
No political parties or foreign alliances