Europe
This European country led the early Age of Exploration, exploring along the African coast.
What is Portugal?
This Spanish system replaced the encomienda and kept Indigenous workers tied to the land.
What is hacienda system?
This term refers to the exchange of goods, people, animals, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds.
This European navigation device was created to better navigate long distances overseas in this period.
What is the Magnetic Compass?
This German monk is credited with starting the Protestant Reformation in 1517.
This theory encouraged European nations to acquire colonies to enrich the mother country.
What is Mercantilism?
Colonizers often justified their actions through this idea that they were civilizing "lesser" people.
What is the White Man’s Burden?
This cash crop that was mainly grown in the Caribbean and America and became a major import for Europe and the Middle East.
What is sugar?
This invention helped rapidly spread Protestant ideas across Europe.
What is the printing press?
This English king created his own church after being denied an annulment by the pope.
Who is King Henry VIII?
By the 1700s, this European country had become the dominant Atlantic maritime power.
What is Great Britain?
These settlers in Spanish colonies were of European descent but born in the Americas.
Who are the Creoles?
This European company was granted a trade monopoly in Asia and acted as an extension of the state, controlling ports and waging war.
What is the Dutch East India Company?
This type of ship, developed by the Portuguese, was ideal for oceanic voyages, due to its versatility and smaller size.
What is the Caravel?
Martin Luther criticized the Catholic Church by nailing this list of arguments to a church door.
What are the 95 theses?
European nations wanted to expand overseas partly to gain wealth through trade, often summed up with a phrase "the three G's"
What is God, gold and, glory?
Name two of the three European countries that competed for colonies in India and Southeast Asia.
This system of trade connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas, exchanging raw materials, enslaved people, and manufactured goods.
What is Triangular trade?
This military technology, used by empires like the Ottomans, Mughals, and Safavids, helped expand territory and centralize power in the early modern era.
What is gunpowder?
This group held the highest social rank in Spanish America, being born in Europe.
Who are the Peninsulares?
In Spanish colonies, these royal officials ruled on behalf of the king.
What are viceroys?
This was the name for Spanish land grants that included forced Indigenous labor.
What is the encomienda system?
European states often gave these to companies like the British and Dutch East India Companies to control trade.
What are monopolies?
This financial innovation let investors share profits and losses from transatlantic voyages.
What is a joint-stock company?
The Spanish used this system to rank people based on race and birthplace in their colonies.
What is the Casta System?