Reforms
Name two social reforms that reformers advocated for.
Abolition, Women’s Suffrage, Educational Reform, Treatment of the Mentally Ill, Temperance, etc.
Which court case established judicial review?
a) McCulloch v Maryland
b) Fletcher v Peck
c) Gibbons v Ogden
d) Marbury v Madison
d) Marbury v Madison (1803)
The case allowed the Supreme Court to determine the whether laws were constitutional or not. The case also struck down a portion of the Judiciary Act of 1789.
What did Jefferson do during his presidency that made people question his political values?
a) declare war on England
b) kill Hamilton in a duel
c) end slavery
d) purchase the Louisiana Territory
Jefferson claimed to be a strict constructionist, claiming the president should only use powers directly given from the constitution. However, this purchase was a deviation from those powers.
Who served as a member of Congress, Speaker of the House, and Senator, known as the Great Compromiser?
Hint: He played a major role in the corrupt bargain.
2nd Hint: One of these Compromises was the Missouri Compromise (1820)
Henry Clay
What is impressment?
The British Navy forcefully drafting American sailors, claiming they were deserters of the British Navy.
What was the Declaration of Sentiments?
A document modeled off of the Declaration of Independence that listed the grievances of women. It called for economkc and social equality for women, as well as demanding the right for women to vote. The document was issued at the end of the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848.
What occurred after Worcester v Georgia (1832), where the Indian Removal Act was deemed unconstitutional because it violated previous treaties.
Andrew Jackson ignored the Supreme Court’s decision and proceeded with the removal.
Why was Monroe’s presidency known as the Era of Good Feelings?
Ex: Monroe’s overwhelming victory on the election
US (moral) victory of the War of 1812
What colony/country were free African Americans encouraged to emigrate to?
Liberia
What is nullification and where was the idea presented?
Nullification is the idea that because the states created the constitution, they were also allowed to ignore federal laws that they didn’t like. It was presented in the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions as well as Exposition and Protest (1828)
What was the first statewide attempt to restrict the consumption of alcohol and what year did it occur in?
Maine Law - 1851
What was the main outcome of McCulloch v Maryland?
The Supreme Court establishes the supremacy of federal law over all others
Describe the spoils system, and how Andrew Jackson used it.
The practice of appointing people to government positions based on loyalty and support rather than merit.
Jackson used it in order to fill his cabinet with people who supported him completely.
Name the two approaches to Slavery found in the Key Terms list and explain one.
Gradual Emancipation and Compensated Emancipation
Explain the Second Great Awakening
A period of religious revivals between 1790-1840. It preached that salvation from sin occurred through moral actions, urging people to turn away from sin. It was used as the basis of many reforms.
What did Horace Mann do in his educational reforms?
Established required school term, formalized teacher training, made curriculum less religious and more scientific
What did Fletcher v Peck (1810) establish?
The courts ability to invalidate laws that were unconstitutional.
(the case prevented Georgia from rescinding a fraudulently made land grant)
What was stated in the Monroe Doctrine (1823)?
Prohibited European colonization in the western hemisphere (would have viewed interference as an act of aggression and responded with military force)
Prohibited European interference with existing countries in South and Central America
Confirmed that the United States would not interfere in European affairs
State the three parts of the Missouri Compromise
1) Missouri becomes the 12th slave state
2) Maine becomes a free state to maintain the balance between free and slave states
3) The Louisiana Territory is divided at 36° 30’, the southern half allowing slavery and the northern half banning it
List 3 outcomes of the War of 1812
Ex: End of the Federalist Party, increase in Andrew Jackson’s popularity, led to more expansion into Indian territory, American survives, no territory exchanges
Which belief did many female reformers fight against? Explain this idea.
Cult of Domesticity - the idea that women were fairer and therefore too delicate to be involved in business and politics and that they should primarily provide religious and moral instruction within the home
What and whose power was expanded on in Gibbons v Ogden (1824)?
The power of Congress to regulate interstate commerce
What were Andrew Jackson’s fiscal policies?
Implemented Pet Banks, vetoed the re-chartering of the Second National Bank and removed all government deposits, failed to properly address inflation (led to the Panic of 1837 during Martin Van Buren‘s Presidency)
What types of actions did William Lloyd Garrison take in order to try to abolish slavery?
The United States purchased Florida for 5 million dollars from Spain
Spain recognized America’s claim to the Oregon Country
The United States gave up its claim to Texas.